The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a combined bearing which comprises an upper bearing and a lower bearing, and the upper bearing comprises an upper bearing outer ring and an upper bearing inner ring; one end of the upper bearing inner ring is an inner ring piece; the lower bearing comprises a lower bearing outer ring and a lower bearing inner ring; a shaft piece is arranged at the other end of the upper bearing inner ring, penetrates through the lower bearing inner ring and is locked on the lower bearing inner ring through a locking sleeve; and the upper bearing outer ring is tightly matched with the lower bearing outer ring. The combined bearing with the encoder further comprises an encoder assembly, the encoder assembly comprises a coded disc, a photoelectric assembly and an induction assembly, the coded disc is installed on the inner ring of the upper bearing, the induction assembly is installed on the inner bottom face of the outer ring of the lower bearing, the photoelectric assembly comprises a light source and irradiates the coded disc, and the photoelectric assembly is in circuit connection with the induction assembly. According to the technical scheme, the combined bearing is integrated, the installation links are reduced, the inherent precision of the bearing is ensured, the rotation stability is effectively improved, meanwhile, assembly and disassembly are convenient, maintenance is facilitated, the space is saved through the integrated structure, and the appearance is attractive.