A shuttle changing device and an automatic calibration method, relating to the technical field of shuttle changing devices. The shuttle changing device comprises: a large rotating arm, which is arranged on a template
machine frame; a small rotating arm, which is rotatably arranged at the
tail end of the large rotating arm, the
tail end of the small rotating arm being provided with a lower mechanism; a detection mechanism, which is used for detecting the rotation positions of the large rotating arm and the small rotating arm; and a
control system, which is connected to the shuttle changing mechanism and the detection mechanism. The shuttle changing device solves the technical problem that when a template
machine frame deforms during movement or transportation, the position of a shuttle changing device mounted on the template
machine frame changes accordingly, resulting in deviations in shuttle picking and placing positions, thereby reducing the shuttle changing success rate or even rendering the device unusable. On the basis of detection signals of a first calibration sensor and a second calibration sensor, the
control system controls the shuttle changing mechanism to adjust the positions of the large rotating arm and the small rotating arm, thereby ensuring the absolute positions of the large rotating arm and the small rotating arm, realizing automatic correction of the shuttle changing mechanism, and ensuring the shuttle changing success rate.