77results about How to "Simple and cost-effective process" patented technology

A field effect transistor (FET) includes a trench extending into a semiconductor region. A conductive electrode is disposed in the trench, and the conductive electrode is insulated from the semiconductor region by a dielectric layer. The conductive electrode includes a conductive liner lining the dielectric layer along opposite sidewalls of the trench. The conductive liner has tapered edges such that a thickness of the conductive liner gradually increases from a top surface of the conductive electrode to a point in lower half of the conductive electrode. The conductive electrode further includes a conductive fill material sandwiched by the conductive liner. The FET further includes a drift region of a first conductivity type in the semiconductor region, and a body region of a second conductivity type extending over the drift region. Source regions of the first conductivity type extend in the body region adjacent the trench.

An apparatus and method for enabling an automatic calibration sequence for a light control system having a daylight harvesting scheme is disclosed herein. An ambient light sensor connects to a detection circuit for detecting the amount of ambient light within a given zone. A microprocessor connects between the detection circuit and a dimming circuit for providing control to initiate dimming and to start the auto-calibration sequence. Responsive to the amount of ambient light detected, the dimming circuit controls the power supplied to a plurality of electrical loads. A storage unit connects to the microprocessor for storing minimum light levels assessed during the auto-calibration sequence wherein the ambient light levels are monitored for a predetermined amount of time to determine the lowest level of ambient light generated for the purpose of setting and storing a target voltage level associated with such.

The invention relates to a stator arrangement for an electric machine, particularly a DC motor, comprising a stator body having a stator back yoke ring and a number of stator teeth between which stator slots to receive stator windings are formed, the stator teeth extending radially from the stator back yoke ring and stator poles being formed at the free ends of the stator teeth, the stator teeth being coupled to a sleeve, which extends coaxially to the stator body, at their free ends. The invention also relates to a method for the manufacture of a stator arrangement of this kind and a direct current motor that employs such a stator arrangement.

Hollow metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment the metal nanoparticles have a continuous and nonporous shell with a hollow core which induces surface smoothening and lattice contraction of the shell. In a particular embodiment, the hollow nanoparticles have an external diameter of less than 20 nm, a wall thickness of between 1 nm and 3 nm or, alternatively, a wall thickness of between 4 and 12 atomic layers. In another embodiment, the hollow nanoparticles are fabricated by a process in which a sacrificial core is coated with an ultrathin shell layer that encapsulates the entire core. Removal of the core produces contraction of the shell about the hollow interior. In a particular embodiment the shell is formed by galvanic displacement of core surface atoms while remaining core removal is accomplished by dissolution in acid solution or in an electrolyte during potential cycling between upper and lower applied potentials.

Use of particles of insoluble water-absorbing food ingredient, such as dietary fibre, as carrier for a humectant, such as water of glycerol, for the introduction of the humectant into a chocolate product. Furthermore, a tropicalizing agent comprising discrete particles of insoluble food ingredient material, such as citrus fibre particles, loaded with water or humectant. That tropicalizing agent is dispersed in liquid fat, such as cocoa butter. The tropicalizing agent is used to make chocolate products heat resistant.

Use of particles of insoluble water-absorbing food ingredient, such as dietary fibre, as carrier for a humectant, such as water of glycerol, for the introduction of the humectant into a chocolate product. Furthermore, a tropicalizing agent comprising discrete particles of insoluble food ingredient material, such as citrus fibre particles, loaded with water or humectant. That tropicalizing agent is dispersed in liquid fat, such as cocoa butter. The tropicalizing agent is used to make chocolate products heat resistant.

A housing for an implantable tissue stimulating device is connectable to an electrode lead having an electrode. A portion of the housing also functions as an electrode. The walls of the housing are shaped so that when a voltage is applied between the electrode at the electrode lead, and the housing electrode, the electric field associated with the voltage has a low field strength in regions at which unwanted stimulation of muscles can occur.

Provision is made of a cutting tool, in particular a drill or a milling cutter, having a shank and a chip transporting portion, which receives a cutting insert, wherein the cutting tool is a hybrid composite body. Furthermore, a chip transporting portion for a cutting tool and also a process for producing a cutting tool are described.

Elongated noble-metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. The method involves the formation of a plurality of elongated noble-metal nanoparticles by electrochemical deposition of the noble metal on a high surface area carbon support, such as carbon nanoparticles. Prior to electrochemical deposition, the carbon support may be functionalized by oxidation, thus making the manufacturing process simple and cost-effective. The generated elongated nanoparticles are covalently bound to the carbon support and can be used directly in electrocatalysis. The process provides elongated noble-metal nanoparticles with high catalytic activities and improved durability in combination with high catalyst utilization since the nanoparticles are deposited and covalently bound to the carbon support in their final position and will not change in forming an electrode assembly.

A process for producing at least one polymer optical waveguide wherein each of at least one polymer optical waveguide has at least one start point and at least one end point uniformly aligned along a same single straight line. The process includes preparing a mold having at least one concave portion for forming at least one core; bringing a cladding substrate into close contact with the mold disposing the at least one concave portion towards the cladding substrate; filling the at least one concave portion of the mold with a core-forming curable resin; curing the core-forming curable resin in the at least one concave portion to form at least one core; and cutting a cladding substrate possessing at least one core part and a cladding layer thereon along the same single straight line.

Dual shadow mask design can overcome the size and resolution limitations of shadow masks to provide capacitor structures with small effective areas. The capacitor structures have bottom and top electrode layers patterned using shadow masks, sandwiching a dielectric layer. The effective areas of the capacitors are the overlapping areas of the top and bottom electrodes, thus allowing small area sizes without subjected to the size limitation of the electrodes. The dual shadow mask design can be used in conjunction with high productivity combinatorial processes for screening and optimizing dielectric materials and fabrication processes.

The invention relates to surface-modified pearlescent pigments, the pearlescent pigments being provided on the surface with at least one organic phosphorus compound of the general formula (I) R1R2P (O) (OR3)   (I) and / or of the general formula (II) R1P (O) (OR3) (OR4)   (II) where R1 and R2 independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not simultaneously hydrogen, R3 and R4 independently of one another are H or alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms. The invention further relates to a process for preparing these pearlescent pigments and also to their use.

A combination of an outer motor and a control box therefor including an upper main body and a lower controller. The upper main body includes a casing, a front end cover, a rotor assembly, and a stator assembly. The controller includes a control box and a control circuit board, and the control box is sheathed in a tail end of the casing. A center of an upper bottom surface of the control box is arranged with a bearing chamber corresponding to that arranged at the front end cover. The control box forms a cavity downwards accommodating the control circuit board. A cover is mounted at the bottom of the control box. A fairlead arranged at an inner wall of the control box extends through the bottom of the motor casing to connect an empty cavity of the casing.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound comprising an α,γ amide linkage between a cysteine moiety and a glutamic acid moiety, such as γ-glutamylcysteine or a γ-glutamylcysteine derivative, the process comprising providing a cysteine derivative, a γ-glutamyl donor and an enzyme capable of transferring the γ-glutamyl group to said cysteine derivative in a reaction environment promoting transfer of the γ-glutamyl donor and cysteine derivative. The invention also relates to compounds comprising an α,γ amide linkage between a cysteine moiety and a glutamic acid moiety, such as γ-glutamylcysteine or a γ-glutamylcysteine derivative, when obtained by processes of the invention, and uses thereof.

The invention relates to a particle comprising an enzyme and a biomass, to a process for preparing a particle comprising spray drying an enzyme and biomass containing fermentation broth starting material, to obtain a solid particle comprising an enzyme and a biomass and to a process for preparing an enzyme containing particle comprising spray drying an aqueous enzyme containing liquid starting material to obtain a spray dried first enzyme containing particle and subsequently subjecting the first dry particle to a process selected from granulation and coating and combinations thereof to obtain a second dry enzyme containing particle.

The present invention relates to a process of fabricating P(VDF-TrFE) films by modifying the solvent composition. Two solvents MEK and DMSO were mixed in pre-determined ratios and that co-solvent mixture was used for fabricating the P(VDF-TrFE) films. By virtue of such method driven P(VDF-TrFE) films, the ferroelectric capacitors comprising of the same were found to achieve low voltage operation, thermal stability and fatigue endurance, which indicated improved ferroelectric performance of the devices. In addition, the films made by same process also yielded high piezo- and pyro-electric coefficient, indicating improved piezo- and pyro-electric performances of the devices.

A method for forming a semiconductor structure having a deep sub-micron or nano scale line-width is disclosed. Structure consisting of multiple photoresist layers is first formed on the substrate, then patterned using adequate exposure energy and development condition so that the bottom photoresist layer is not developed while the first under-cut resist groove is formed on top of the bottom photoresist layer. Anisotropic etching is then performed at a proper angle to the normal of the substrate surface, and a second resist groove is formed by the anisotropic etching. Finally, the metal evaporation process and the lift-off process are carried out and the Γ-shaped metal gate with nano scale line-width can be formed.

A recycled ink jet cartridge and a process of cleaning an ink jet cartridge is disclosed which includes a process for penetrating and cleaning a flow pipe located above the print head assembly just below a mesh filter. The cartridge is cleaned and reconditioned during the process. The present invention economizes the operational performance of ink cartridges which have been recycled and resealed, and provides a relatively simple, cost-effective process for removing dried ink from spent cartridges.

The invention relates to a microporous and mesoporous carbon xerogel and organic precursors thereof based on a phenol-formaldehyde xerogel. A characteristic parameter common to carbon xerogels is a peak in the mesopore size distribution determined by the BJH method (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) from nitrogen absorption measurements at 77 K in the range from 3.5 nm to 4 nm. The production process is characterized firstly by the low starting material costs (use of phenol instead of resorcinol) and secondly by very simple and cost-effective processing; convective drying without solvent exchange instead of supercritical drying or freeze drying. The carbon xerogels and their organic phenol-formaldehyde xerogel precursors have densities of corresponding to a porosity of up to 89%, and the xerogels can also have a relevant mesopore volume. The carbon xerogels obtained from the phenol-formaldehyde xerogels are also microporous.

A process for preparing high melt strength propylene polymers is provided. The process comprises: blending base propylene polymers with 0.1 to 1% w / w of polyfunctional acrylate monomer, in the presence of 10 to 50 ppm organic peroxide and 0.2 to 20% w / w of an additive such as stabilizer, acid neutralizer, antioxidants or lubricants. The high strength modified propylene polymers obtained have 30 to 60% of increased melt strength than that of the base propylene polymers.

The present invention relates to the new crystalline solid form XI of Tigecycline and a process of preparing the same. Form XI of Tigecycline is particularly suitable for the isolation of Tigecycline in the last step of the synthesis of Tigecycline. Further the present invention relates to a process of preparing amorphous Tigecycline by spray drying form XI or another crystalline form of Tigecycline.

The present invention relates to polymer compositions (C) for the preparation of porous article, notably microporous membranes or hollow fibers. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process of preparing a porous article from a blend of at least one semi-crystalline or amorphous polymer (P) with an additive followed by a step of shaping the article and contacting the article with water to dissolve the additive and create an interconnected pore network within the shaped article.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound comprising an α,γ amide linkage between a cysteine moiety and a glutamic acid moiety, such as γ-glutamylcysteine or a γ-glutamylcysteine derivative, the process comprising providing a cysteine derivative, a γ-glutamyl donor and an enzyme capable of transferring the γ-glutamyl group to said cysteine derivative in a reaction environment promoting transfer of the γ-glutamyl group to said cysteine derivative. The invention also relates to compounds comprising an α,γ amide linkage between a cysteine moiety and a glutamic acid moiety, such as γ-glutamylcysteine or a γ-glutamylcysteine derivative, when obtained by processes of the invention, and uses thereof.

The invention relates to modular elements for building a storage basin, to a network obtained by assembling a plurality of modular elements, to a supporting structure, to a storage basin and to a process for obtaining a storage basin. The modular element according to the invention is provided in the interior with a network element constituted by main half joints (10), secondary half joints (11) and tertiary half joints (10), vertical channels (8,15), oblique channels (9), compartments (18), and is provided with joint elements (16,17). The network comprises horizontal annular channels and main, secondary and tertiary joints connected by vertical and oblique channels. The storage basin comprises a supporting structure at the interior of an insulating structure obtained by assembling the modular elements. The process for obtaining a storage basin comprises the assemblage of the modular elements and casting the hardening material in the network obtained by assembling the modular elements, forming the supporting structure.

A process for the manufacture of a soluble beverage powder is provided, the process comprising the steps of;(a) forming a mass comprising a beverage concentrate;(b) contacting at least a portion of a surface of the mass with a water permeable membrane, whereby water passes from the mass through the permeable membrane to at least partially dry the mass; and(c) texturising the at least partially dried mass to form the soluble beverage powder,wherein, before step (b), at least a portion of the surface of the mass is coated with a substantially dry edible powder.