The invention discloses an improved RDA-based method for inhibiting a synthetic aperture radar image target side lobe. In order to obtain a super-resolution SAR image, the method comprises the following specific processing steps of azimuth direction Fourier transformation of a two-dimensional echo signal, complementary migration correction, distance direction Fourier transformation, consistent migration correction and distance compression, distance direction inverse fast Fourier transformation, additional phase correction, azimuth direction inverse Fourier transformation and azimuth compression of a fusion inversion matrix. Compared with conventional imaging processing modes of matched filtering and the like, the processed imaging result energy is more concentrated, the space resolution ratio is significantly improved, and the super resolution target is achieved. Compared with a complete matrix-based SAR data processing, the method disclosed by the invention is combined with a high-efficiency traditional imaging algorithm, so that the processing efficiency is significantly improved.