128 results about "Brownian motion" patented technology

The present invention relates to modulated (e.g., magnetically modulated) chemical sensors. In particular, the present invention relates to particles comprising fluorescent indicator dyes and methods of using such particles. Magnetic fields and/or Brownian motion modulate an optical property of the particle to distinguish it from background signals. The present invention thus provides improved methods of detecting a wide variety of analytes in fluids, fluid samples, cells and tissues.

The present invention relates to particle stabilizing compositions suitable for use in fabric care products, home care products, diapers, incontinence articles, feminine care products, pharmaceuticals, oral care products, antiperspirants, deodorants, personal cleansing products, skin care products and hair care products comprising: a) an emulsion comprising from about 1% to about 99% by weight of the emulsion of an internal phase and from about 1% to about 99% by weight of the emulsion of an external phase; b) a charged species that is present in the emulsion; and c) charged insoluble solid particles which are dispersed in the emulsion wherein the charged species possesses a charge which is opposed to that of the charged insoluble solid particles and wherein essentially all of the charged species and charged insoluble solid particles accumulate at the interface of the emulsion and wherein Brownian motion is not exhibited by the charged insoluble solid particles.

The invention discloses a device and method for measuring granularity of dynamic light scattering nano particles of an image. The device comprises a laser source, a sample pool, a lens and a surface array photosensitive device which are coaxially arranged from left to right. The method comprises the steps: incident laser of a laser beam irradiates particles in the sample pool, the particles making a Brownian movement in the sample pool generate dynamic light scattering under the irradiation of the incident laser, dynamic light scattering signals of the particles are shot by a surface array digital camera configured on the focus surface of the lens after passing through the lens, and the exposure time of the camera is controlled so that scattering spots of the particles form a tracking line on a shot image, and granularity and distribution of the particles are obtained after data processing is carried out. The invention has the advantages that the scattering light dynamic signals of the particles are simultaneously measured by using the surface array digital camera and are processed to obtain the granularity and the distribution of the particles, the measurement time is short and the particles with a granularity range from nanometer to micrometer can be simultaneously measured.

The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for measuring dynamic light scattering nano-particles based on bandpass filtering. According to the invention, lasers are radiated on nano-particles performing Brownian motions in a solution. The scattered lights of the particles are directly detected; or the scattered lights of the particles are interfered with part of the original lights, and are detected; or the scattered lights are fed-back into a laser-tube cavity, self mixing is occurred, and self mixing signals are detected. Signals output by a photoelectric detector are pre-amplified, and are simultaneously delivered into a circuit formed by components of an M route buffer, bandpass filters with different central frequencies, and an RMS root-mean-square processor, which are connected in series, such that signal root-mean-square values at different frequencies with a number of M are obtained. The values are sampled by an A/D collecting card, such that power spectrum density functions at different frequencies with a number of M are obtained. With the method and the apparatus provided by the invention, a problem in prior arts of poor robustness of inverse calculations caused by seriously ill-conditioned coefficient matrix is solved. With the method and the apparatus provided by the invention, requirements on data collecting speed, data collecting amount, storage amount andprocessing amount are reduced; data processing time is reduced; and rapid measuring of nano-particle sizes can be realized.

The invention discloses a flowing boiling micro-miniature heat exchanger, which comprises a heat exchanger casing, a heat exchange structure passage, an inlet passage and an outlet passage, wherein the heat exchange structure passage is arranged in the heat exchanger casing; and the inlet passage and the outlet passage are arranged at the two ends of the heat exchange structure passage. The flowing boiling micro-miniature heat exchanger is characterized in that the inlet passage consists of a condensing medium input opening, a flow storage pool and an inlet flow division passage; the flow storage pool is connected between the condensing medium input opening and the inlet flow division passage; the outlet passage consists of a condensing medium output opening and an outlet flow division passage; a micro rib column group and support columns are arranged in the heat exchange structure passage; the micro rib column group consists of micro rib columns; the cross section dimension of the micro rib columns conforms to the fractal Brownian motion features; the micro rib columns are in planar distribution; the height of the micro rib columns meets the normal distribution; and the support columns are distributed in the center of the micro rib column group in an array mode. The flowing boiling micro-miniature heat exchanger has the advantages that the heat transfer efficiency is high; the flowing resistance loss is small; the surface temperature of the heat exchanger is uniform; the work is stable; and the service life is long.

The invention provides an optical trapping based method for in-situ calibration of displacement of a piezoelectric platform. High-precision detection of motion displacement amplitude and frequency of the piezoelectric platform can be realized by analysis of position signals of Brownian motion of standard-size globules trapped in an optical trap system. Besides detection of the piezoelectric platform, standard particles are trapped by laser under microscopic imaging, and position motion signals of the particles are quickly detected by a detector. The piezoelectric platform sends low-frequency fixed-amplitude motion signals to drive a sample chamber to move, the particles trapped in a light trap is subjected to actions of fluid periodic viscous resistance, and voltage proportionality coefficient of a position sensitive detector can be calibrated by detecting the motion signals of the particles. The piezoelectric platform sends signals to drive the sampling chamber to move again, a power spectrum of the trapped particles is analyzed, a peak of the power spectrum is compared with background thermal noise to invert real motion displacement amplitude of the piezoelectric platform, and frequency of the peak stands for motion frequency of the piezoelectric platform.

The invention discloses a method and device for manufacturing a light trap with a hollow photon crystal fiber. The two ends of the hollow photonic crystal fiber are connected with the emission ends of two single mode fibers in a butt fusion mode. Afterwards, fundamental mode gauss beams emitted from the two single mode fibers are used for binding globular particles in a hollow fiber core in the hollow photonic crystal fiber, and therefore the globular particles are stressed and balanced in the light trap. The gauss beams are transmitted towards each other. The light power of the different single mode fibers is changed and the light trapping force exerted on the globular particles is changed. The acceleration and the motion displacement of the globular particles are controlled. The device comprises a substrate of a fiber light trap system, the two single mode fibers, the hollow photonic crystal fiber, a coupler, a light intensity modulator, a laser device, a photoelectricity image detector, a computer and like. According to the method and device for manufacturing the light trap with the hollow photonic crystal fiber, the energy utilization rate of the laser beams and the registration precision of the laser beams are improved and the influences on the motion state of the globular particles by Brownian movement in liquid are avoided.

The invention provides an electrostatic precipitator which comprises a multi-stage dust remover, wherein the multi-stage remover at least consists of a fine particle dust remover, the fine particle dust remover consists of a plurality of pole plates, a plurality of wire meshes and a plurality of high-voltage polar lines, wherein the wire meshes and the high-voltage polar lines are arranged between every two adjacent pole plates and are alternately distributed with preset intervals. The embodiment of the invention can increase the chargeability of particles by corona wind and friction and reinforce the inertia capture by utilizing the acceleration and deceleration effect of the corona wind and the Brownian movement of the particles among the dense meshes, and the electrostatic force capture can also be enhanced even in smaller mesh gaps. Therefore, under multiple actions, the embodiment of the invention can greatly increases the desorption efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator to inhalable particles especial for micronano particulate matters.

The present invention can provide a method of determining the communication of substances between a first region and a second region of a patient's body. An example method according to the present invention can comprise: (a) introducing into the first region a plurality of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, having properties such that they undergo Brownian motion that randomizes the orientation of the nanoparticles according to a predetermined characteristic time; (b) after a time sufficient to allow transport of nanoparticles from the first region to the second region, subjecting the second region to an applied magnetic field of sufficient strength to induce magnetization of individual nanoparticles, and having a substantially uniform direction throughout the second region; (c) measuring the magnetic field of the second region at a plurality of times after ceasing application of the magnetic field; (d) analyzing the measured magnetic field to detect signals that correspond to decay of the magnetic field due to randomization of the nanoparticles' orientation by Brownian motion; (e) determining the presence of nanoparticles in the second region from the signals detected in step (d).

The invention relates to a special ceramic material and a preparation technology thereof, particularly a special ceramic material capable of accelerating white liquor aging and raising the quality of white liquor and a preparation technology thereof. The special ceramic material is characterized in that: obsidian, albite and kaolin are used as main materials, magnetic fields of the material formed by sintering the raw materials are used for accelerating the brownian motion of molecules of the white liquor, thus the white liquor generates good physical and biochemical reactions in cellaring and storing, and the activity of biological enzyme is greatly increased. According to the invention, the proportion and structure of alcohol alcohol, acid and ester in the white liquor are changed, the speeds of aging and slaking are accelerated, and the quality of the white liquor is increased.

The invention discloses a flight plan security judgment early-warning method based on four-dimensional flight path operation, and relates to the technical field of air traffic. The invention aims at solving a problem that there is no quantification method for the flight plan security based on the four-dimensional flight path operation currently. The method comprises the steps: calculating a space-time accessible domain between each two planned flight path point for each aircraft; determining the occurrence position and time of a conflict through recognizing a potential space-time conflict region of each aircraft, and considering the aircraft movement under the impact of various uncertain factors as the irregular Brownian movement; calculating the conflict probability of each aircraft underthe flight plan as the quantification basis for the flight plan security. Through the optimization of the flight plan, the method can effectively improve the security of the air traffic, and balancesthe conflict between the high-speed increasing demands for the air traffic and the limited space resources. The method is suitable for the judgment early warning of the security of the flight plan.

The invention relates to a counter for metal nano particles in solution, which is used for measuring relative concentration of metal nano particles in solution. The counter comprises a laser, a neutral attenuator, a beam expanding lens, a cover glass or a sample cell, a micro objective, a dichroic mirror, a lens, a pinhole, a single photon detector, a data collection card and a computer. Sample solution is placed on the cover glass or on the sample cell, the laser irradiates the metal nano particles in the solution, the produced scattered light is focused on the pinhole by the lens after being collected by the objective lens and the pinhole is coupled with the single photon detector. Signals generated by the single photon detector are output by the computer via the data collection card. The operating principle of the invention is based on a very small laser confocal irradiation micro-area (-10 litre), photon burst occurs when the metal particles enter or leave the micro-area due to Brownian movement, the number of the photon burst is proportional to concentration thereof. The counter of the invention can be applied to researches and clinical detection in fields such as biomedicine, chemistry, physics and the like.

The invention relates to an automatic reinjection water heating production increasing process of a coal-bed gas well. The process comprises the following steps: A, performing precipitation and filtration treatment on produced liquid once or for more times to remove more than 95 percent of solid particles; B, heating the treated clear liquid through solar energy to increase the water temperature to 60-90 DEG C; C, injecting hot water into a shaft through a hot water reinjection pipeline, extending the hot water reinjection pipeline to the space below a coal bed through an oil sleeve annulus and increasing the temperature of the original shaft liquid to over 20 percent; D, circularly performing the steps. The process has the advantages that the heat energy is injected into the shaft liquid in a hot water injection mode and the brownian motion of coal dust in the shaft liquid is increased so as to increase the divergence of the coal dust in the water, favorably reduce the concentration of the coal dust and discharge the coal dust, besides a part of heat energy is transferred to a coal-bed gas storage layer of an immediate vicinity of a wellbore, so that the free energy of the coal-bed gas can be increased to increase the desorption rate of the coal-bed gas, and meanwhile the gas is expanded on heating, so that a seepage passage can be expanded, the permeability of a reservoir stratum is improved and the production increase of the coal-bed gas is realized.

The invention discloses an Ad hoc network route discovery method based on Brownian motion, and the Ad hoc network route discovery method based on Brownian motion aims to reduce the routing overhead of a network with the help of the thought of combining history record orientation and probability forwarding. According to the method, a mobile network model based on Brownian motion is built, and the distribution rule of intermediate nodes which have met a targeted node is found and summarized; a calculation formula of probability of intermediate node forwarding is designed according to the distribution rule and the network environment; whether the intermediate nodes participate in forwarding or not is determined according to the forwarding probability, and routing between a source node and the targeted node is built. Based on the directional broadcasting, the routing algorithm reduces the density of the intermediate nodes which participate in forwarding, and is simple and low in consumption.

The invention relates to a flexible static supporting accelerometer. The accelerometer comprises a sensitive meter core component, a base, a shell, a temperature testing module and a sealing ring component. The sensitive meter core component is composed of an upper counter electrode plate, a lower counter electrode plate and a quartz pendulous reed; a gold membrane of the quartz pendulous reed isused as a capacitance electrode plate, and the gold membrane of the quartz pendulous reed and gold membranes of the upper counter electrode plate and the lower counter electrode plate form a pair of force application capacitors and a pair of differential detection capacitors. The upper counter electrode plate, the lower counter electrode plate and the quartz pendulous reed are coaxially installedthrough a mirror image and brazed, and the quartz pendulous reed is fixedly installed between the upper counter electrode plate and the lower counter electrode plate. A capacitor displacement circuit,a fedback control circuit and a static electricity feedback execution circuit complete detection on the differential capacitors and feedback control over the accelerometer, and finally the inspectionquality is moved to the equilibrium position. The interior of a surface body is vacuumized, and hot noise caused by Brownian movement of gas molecules is reduced. Through design of a low-dilatation-coefficient material, differential capacitor detection and static electricity force application, the accelerometer is simple in structure, high in stability and low in noise and is widely applied to tasks with high-precision measurement demands. The accelerometer is suitable of the field of microquake measurement, resource detection and physical geography and particularly suitable for inertial systems for measurement on the horizontal tensor of a gravity gradient instrument or orbital transfer of low-range space satellites and the like.

The invention discloses an ultrafiltration filter for engine oil. The ultrafiltration filter for engine oil comprises a barrel body, an oil inlet port, an oil outlet port and a filter element, wherein the filter element is composed of a plurality of layers of filter paper; a flowing direction of the engine oil is parallel to an arrangement direction of the filter paper; the dirt engine oil flows to pass through gaps among the layer sheets of the filter paper; and the filter paper is microscopically provided with convex-concave parts, and impurities such as colloidal particles of sludge collide with the filter paper, and are adhered to and retained on the concave parts of the filter paper during a flowing direction of the engine oil, thus filtration for the engine oil is realized. The ultrafiltration filter for engine oil, which is disclosed by the invention, breaks through a traditional filter method of filtering vertical runoff through meshes, the engine oil passes through the filter element composed of the plurality of layers of filter paper in a manner of parallel runoff, and the colloidal particles of the sludge collide with a filter screen, and are adhered to the filter paper to be removed by virtue of the zigzag Brownian motion of the particles of the sludge. The ultrafiltration filter for engine oil, which is disclosed by the invention, has a fast dirt filter speed, effectively removes the impurities such as the sludge accumulated in the engine oil, and is capable of removing tiny particles of the sludge, thus achieving extremely high filter quality.

The invention discloses a capillary tube injection interface device for a nanoparticle aerosol mass spectrometer. The device comprising a general-purpose connector, a buffer chamber, a capillary tube, a focusing lens and a differential chamber, wherein the general-purpose connector, the buffer chamber, the capillary tube, the focusing lens and the differential chamber are successively connected. The general-purpose connector is provided with an aerosol inlet and a current-limiting hole, wherein the aerosol inlet and the current-limiting hole are connected with an aerosol particle pretreatment instrument. The capillary tube which is connected with the buffer chamber, positioning ceramic, a positioning screw, the focusing lens on the rear side of the capillary tube, an insulation straight cylinder which fixes the focusing lens and the positioning ceramic, and a differential chamber outlet in the rear end of the focusing lens are arranged in the differential chamber. The positioning ceramic and the positioning screw are used for fixing the capillary tube. Voltage is applied on the surface of the capillary tube. The influence of Brownian motion in nanoparticle transport is compensated through the action of an electric field, so that charged nanoparticles can converge on the axis of the capillary tube. The gas accompanying matters of the charged nanoparticles can be removed by a vacuum pump which is connected with the differential chamber. The focusing lens can further converge the charged nanoparticles. Atmospheric pressure sample injection and high efficiency transmission of the nanoparticles are realized.

The invention provides a dry type particle granularity measuring method. The measuring method comprises the following steps: providing a vacuum chamber, and arranging an upper pole plate, a lower pole plate and a particle pond in the vacuum chamber; switching on a power supply, and generating uniform plasmas between the upper pole plate and lower pole plate in the vacuum chamber; scattering particles to be measured out of the particle pond, forming a dispersed suspended particle system in the plasmas in the vacuum chamber by using the scattered particles; irradiating the suspended particles by adopting laser light, and scattering; recording a Brownian motion trace image by using a camera above the vacuum chamber; calculating the sizes of the particles according to the Brownian motion principle of the particles through a computer to obtain the granularity distribution pattern of the particles. The method is easy and convenient to operate, and rapid and accurate in measurement, and a solution is provided for the rapid analysis and detection in laboratories and the industrial field.

The invention discloses a membrane up-flow aerobic bioreactor (MUAR), which is used for increasing the oxygen charging efficiency of the reactor through ultrafine air bubbles to lower the running energy consumption of the reactor and belongs to the technical fields of environmental engineering and sewage treatment. In the reactor, water is fed in an up-flow way; an ultrafine air bubble generating device consisting of a jet aeration spray head, a decompression cabin and a polypropylene millipore filter pipe is used for generating ultrafine air bubbles (5-10 mum in diameter) which are fully mixed with inflow water from bottom to top; the upper part of the reactor is provided with a muddy water baffle plate for isolating sludge; and outflow water reflows and enters the ultrafine air bubble generating device. Due to a small specific surface area and collision and Brownian motion among molecules, the ultrafine air bubbles can be partially precipitated in water, so that higher oxygen transfer efficiency than that of ordinary air bubbles is achieved, and the ultrafine air bubbles are better combined with sludge at the bottom of the reactor. Compared with a reactor of the same type, the reactor disclosed by the invention has the advantages that: pollutants in bottom inflow water of the reactor can be degraded effectively, and the aim of reducing running cost is fulfilled finally.