31 results about "Cancer susceptibility" patented technology

Methods and compositions for the diagnosis of cancer susceptibilities, defective DNA repair mechanisms and treatments thereof are provided. Among sequences provided here, the FANCD2 gene has been identified, mapped on the 3p chromosome, cloned into recombinant vectors, used to prepare recombinant cells and sequenced. The FANCD2 gene sequence provides probes and primers for screening patients in genetic based tests and for diagnosing Fanconi anemia and cancer. It has also been possible to target the FANCD2 gene in vivo for preparing experimental mouse models for use in screening new therapeutic agents for treating conditions involving defective DNA repair. Vectors are described for use in gene therapy. The FANCD2 polypeptide has been sequenced and has been shown to exist in two isoforms identified as FANCD2-S and the mono-ubiquinated FANCD-L form. Antibodies including polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have been prepared that distinguish the two isoforms and have been used in diagnostic tests to determine whether a subject has an intact FA pathway. The FANCD2 has been localized to the nucleus and is associated with BRCA 1 foci.

An individual's susceptibility to cancer is assessed based on the individual's cellular response to mutagenic agents such as radiation. The level of a growth-suppressing marker is measured before and after the individual's cells are exposed to the mutagenic agent. The individual's susceptibility to cancer as a result of the mutagenic agent is correlated with the degree to which the growth-suppressing marker is induced by exposure to the agent. A method is also disclosed for assessing cancer prophylaxis effects of compounds, such as vitamins or food extracts, in individuals. Cells from an individual are incubated with at least one compound in vitro, or the compound is directly administered to the individual, after which some of the incubated cells, as well as non-incubated cells, are exposed to a mutagenic agent such as ionizing radiation. The level of the growth-suppressing marker in the cells incubated with the compound and exposed to the mutagenic agent is then compared with the level in the non-incubated cells exposed to the agent. The cancer prophylaxis effects of the compound are correlated with a higher level of the marker in the incubated cells.

A region on chromosome 8q24.21 has been demonstrated to play a major role in particular forms of cancer. It has been discovered that certain markers and haplotypes are indicative of a susceptibility to particular cancers, including prostate cancer. Diagnostic applications for identifying a susceptibility to cancer using these markers and haplotypes are described.

Heparinized human whole blood from patients with invasive breast cancer, with (multiple primary) and without (single primary) a second primary cancer, and from unaffected controls was stimulated with 0.1-10 Gy of radiation and incubated at 37° C. for 2 hours. P21 and PUMA mRNA were then quantified. The results suggest that cancer susceptibility represented by the multiple primary cases was significantly related to over-reaction of p21 mRNA, and not PUMA.

The invention relates to a method for forecasting the onset age of colon cancer and a kit, which pertains to the medical biotechnology and the genetic diagnosis field. The method for forecasting colon cancer susceptibility determines the genotype of C53 gene polymorphism 1808 site (rs2737) of a subject and forecasts the colon cancer susceptibility of the subject by extracting the host cell genome DNA. The method has the advantages that: the relevance of the C53 gene polymorphism site with the onset age of colon cancer is firstly expounded, the method for forecasting colon cancer susceptibility is provided, and the method can be used for the prevention, the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer, as well as the development of new drugs.

The invention provides a primer for detecting a rectal-cancer-susceptibility-related SNP site .The primer includes a C11orf93 gene rs3802842 site primer, an SMAD7 gene rs4939827 site primer, a POU5F1B gene rs6983267 site primer and an RNA5SP229 gene rs10795668 site primer .A method for detecting the rectal-cancer-susceptibility-related SNP site with the primer includes the following steps that 1, samples are collected, and DNA is extracted; 2, target genes are subjected to PCR amplification and gel recovery through the four primers respectively; 3, the gel recovery products are subjected to concentration measurement and PCR amplification and purified; 4, the purified products are subjected to sample loading, and the SNP detecting results are analyzed .The primer is good in specificity, high in sensitivity and good in accuracy, the detection method is simple, and the rectal-cancer suffering risk of a detected patient can be forecasted.

The invention discloses a kit for detecting the gastric cancer susceptibility, which is used for detecting four genes nearly concerned with gastric cancer as follows: MTHFR gene, CYP2E1 metabolic enzyme gene, XRCC1 and ADPRT repairase gene. The kit can simultaneously detect the following SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) sites: the rs1801133 site of the MTHFR gene, the rs2031920 site of the CYP2E1, the rs25478 site of the XRCC1 gene and the rs1136410 site of the ADPRT gene. By using the kit disclosed by the invention, a group of genes and sites related to the gastric cancer susceptibility are detected, and whether the subject population carry gastric cancer susceptible genes can be judged clearly by using a specific primer and a specific probe by a mononucleotide extension technology combined with a microarray chip technology, thereby screening out the gastric cancer susceptible population from the subject population, changing unhealthy habits and customs and achieving the purpose of prevention.

The invention generally relates to a molecular classification of disease and particularly to molecular markers for cancer susceptibility and methods of use thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to the determination, screening, or classification of an individual's genetic risk for breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility.

The present invention discloses a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the isolated 5′ tandem repeats of the thymidylate synthase (TS) gene and methods for its use. The novel SNP, located in the 12th nucleotide of a 28 bp third tandem repeat (3R) of the TS gene, substitutes a C for a G, and is the variant form of the repeat. Subjects with the wild-type form of 3R have greater transcription of the TS gene than subjects with the variant form. The invention also reveals that a six base pair deletion in the 3′ region of TS (−6 bp / 1494) indicates mRNA instability and thus reduced production of TS. In diseased tissue, such as cancer, reduced production of TS is beneficial because it prevents the cancerous cells from growing and spreading. Analysis of either polymorphism or both together allows for prediction of a subject's response to chemotherapeutic and anti-cardiovascular disease treatments because both diseases are related to TS levels in a subject.

A region on chromosome 8q24.21 has been demonstrated to play a major role in particular forms of cancer. It has been discovered that certain markers and haplotypes are indicative of a susceptibility to particular cancers, including prostate cancer. Diagnostic applications for identifying a susceptibilty to cancer using these markers and haplotypes are described.

The invention discloses a gene combination, a primer and a probe for detecting gastric cancer susceptibility and application. The gene combination comprises a combination of four genes closely related with a gastric cancer, namely an MTHFR gene, a CYP2E1 metabolic enzyme gene, an XRCC1 repairase gene and an ADPRT repairase gene. The gene combination comprises the following SNP sites: rs1801133 site of the MTHFR gene, rs2031920 site of the CYP2E1 gene, rs25478 site of the XRCC1 gene and rs1136410 site of the ADPRT gene. Whether the detected crowds carry 'gastric cancer susceptible genes' are comprehensively detected and analyzed by detecting a group of genes and sites related with the gastric cancer susceptibility, using the specific primer and the probe and combining a mononucleotide extending technique and a micro array chip technique so as to screen the gastric cancer susceptible crowd from the crowds, change unhealthy lifestyles and fulfill the purpose of preventing.

A method for the early diagnosis, prognosis or clinical monitoring of cancer disease based on the quantitation of DNA in a plasma sample from a cancer patient, a subject with cancer susceptibility or an individual at risk of developing cancer.

The invention discloses a kit for detecting human breast cancer susceptibility genotyping and a use method and application of the kit. The kit comprises a primer group, the primer group is primers which are respectively designed for six detection sites rs2241766, rs2273535, rs4680, rs4880, rs28897756 and rs55770810 of a human breast cancer susceptibility gene, and the primers are primers which aredesigned for six detection sites rs2241766, rs2273535, rs4680, rs4880, rs2889756 and rs5770810. The primers specifically comprise three corresponding primers, namely an upstream primer FAM, an upstream primer HEX and a downstream primer. According to the use method of the kit, a KASP technology is adopted for genotyping detection on six detection sites of the human breast cancer susceptibility gene by adopting a KASP technology; the kit and the use method thereof have the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high accuracy, low required quantity of required DNA samples, convenience in operation, low cost and the like.

A method for the early diagnosis, prognosis or clinical monitoring of cancer disease based on the quantitation of DNA in a plasma sample from a cancer patient, a subject with cancer susceptibility or an individual at risk of developing cancer.

The present invention, in general, relates to use of nm23H1-B gene for diagnosing cancer susceptibility and metastatic progression in colon / colorectal cancer. In particular, the present invention relates to identifying the alteration in the expression of nm23H1-B gene on treatment with chemotherapeutic agents for diagnosing cancer susceptibility and metastatic progression in colon / colorectal cancer.

The present invention relates to a rectal adenocarcinoma susceptibility prediction kit, which comprises the following components: STR-1 primer, STR-2 primer, STR-3 primer, STR-4 primer, STR-5 primer, STR-6 primer; Further, it may also include: PCR amplification reaction solution, LIZ-500 molecular weight internal standard, deionized formamide. The rectal adenocarcinoma susceptibility prediction kit of the present invention can be used for the diagnosis and susceptibility prediction of rectal adenocarcinoma. The invention also provides a rectal adenocarcinoma susceptibility prediction system.

The invention relates to a PCR primer and application of the coding sequences of human breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 based on NGS technology. The PCR primers of the human breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 coding sequences include at least one pair of capture primers, and the sequences of the forward primer and reverse primer of each pair of capture primers include specific sequences and are compatible with the described Linker sequence to which the 5' end of the specific sequence is ligated. The PCR primers and applications for amplifying the coding sequences of human breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 based on NGS technology, the experimental operation involved in the whole method is simple, only involves PCR reagents and primer combinations, the cost is low, and double tags are introduced at the same time Sequence adapter sequence is used to distinguish different samples, which can realize high-throughput sample sequencing detection, and can effectively provide genetic detection support for risk assessment of human breast cancer and other BRCA susceptibility genes-related hereditary tumors or targeted drugs for BRCA mutations .

The lifetime probability of a person developing cancer can now be determined based on an allelic variation found in the 3′UTR of the prohibitin gene. The probability is dependent on the sequence of the 3′UTR at position 729, i.e., whether there is a thymine (T) or a cytosine (C) or both at this position. Determining the sequence at the position 729 can be done by any number of standard techniques. Preferably, the sequence is determined by amplifying this region by PCR and subjecting it to an RFLP analysis.

The present disclosure provides methods for estimating cancer susceptibility, risk of developing multiple tumor sites, and the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Disclosed are interactions among three polymorphisms: the Acid Phosphatase Locus-1 (ACP1) 228C>T (rs11553742) and 413A>G (Q106R, rs79716074) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and a SNP for the Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG1) (rs2438211). Additionally interactions among these polymorphisms are disclosed to modify the underlying quantitative expression of major cancer-related genes, indicating that optimization of these gene products by pharmacologic or gene therapy interventions would be beneficial as a cancer therapy to reduce the risk of tumor metastasis, and would also be beneficial in preventing cancer.

The 3′ untranslated region of the human prohibitin gene has been isolated for use in a cancer susceptibility screen and as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer.

The present invention demonstrates the differential sensitivity of PBLs from lung cancer patients and healthy controls to NNK-induced genetic damage. The data provide convincing evidence that the preferred CBMN assay is a robust test for detection of this sensitivity and yields results that are a good predictor of, for example, lung cancer risk. The simplicity, rapidity, and sensitivity of the CBMN test make it a valuable tool for screening and, for example, prioritizing potential cases for early detection of the disease.

Described herein are genetic pharmacopoeia for querying for individual cancer susceptibility to available molecular targeted therapies.

A site on chromosome 8q24.21 has been shown to play an important role in certain forms of cancer. Certain markers and haplotypes have been found to be indicative of susceptibility to particular cancers. Diagnostic applications for the identification of cancer susceptibility are described.

Methods and compositions for the diagnosis of cancer susceptibilities, defective DNA repair mechanisms and treatments thereof are provided. Among sequences provided here, the FANCD2 gene has been identified, and probes and primers are provided for screening patients in genetic-based tests and for diagnosing Fanconi Anemia and cancer. The FANCD2 gene can be targeted in vivo for preparing experimental mouse models for use in screening new therapeutic agents for treating conditions involving defective DNA repair. The FANCD2 polypeptide has been sequenced and has been shown to exist in two isoforms identified as FANCD2-S and the monoubiquinated FANCD-L form. Antibodies including polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have been prepared that distinguish the two isoforms and have been used in diagnostic tests to determine whether a subject has an intact Fanconi Anemia / BRCA pathway.

Described herein is a genetic pharmacopeia for interrogating individual cancer susceptibilities to available molecularly targeted therapies.

The present invention is to predict the cancer susceptibility of human subjects, and compare the gene copy number variation ("CNV") of the subjects with the diagnostic common CNV feature series of the same race through machine learning. The CNV feature series must be selected from the CNVs of genetic DNA samples of non-cancer patients of the same race (referred to as "non-cancer DNA" samples) and genetic DNA samples of cancer patients (referred to as "cancer DNA" samples), which can be determined by correlation, frequency or classification. Selection, and then identification by naive Bayesian classification method, so that it can be effectively used to distinguish the genetic DNA of cancer patients from the genetic DNA of non-cancer patients. On this basis, the cancer susceptibility prediction of subjects can be performed using statistical methods, such as Naive Bayesian methods. In addition, the prediction of the cancer susceptibility of the subject by using the diagnostic common CNV features may be for a general cancer susceptibility, or for one or a few specific types of cancer susceptibility.

The method for diagnosing cancer according to the present invention is performed by measuring DNA-dependent protein kinase activity in cells derived from a test subject. With the method for diagnosing cancer according to the present invention, the presence of cancer cells can be investigated, whatever the organ or the cause of the carcinogenesis is. The method for determining cancer susceptibility according to the present invention is performed by measuring DNA-dependent protein kinase activity in cells derived from a test subject.

The invention relates to a method for forecasting the onset age of colon cancer and a kit, which pertains to the medical biotechnology and the genetic diagnosis field. The method for forecasting colon cancer susceptibility determines the genotype of C53 gene polymorphism 1808 site (rs2737) of a subject and forecasts the colon cancer susceptibility of the subject by extracting the host cell genomeDNA. The method has the advantages that: the relevance of the C53 gene polymorphism site with the onset age of colon cancer is firstly expounded, the method for forecasting colon cancer susceptibility is provided, and the method can be used for the prevention, the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer, as well as the development of new drugs.