The invention relates to a single-phase ground line selection method with the function of accuracy improvement for a small-current grounding system. The method comprises: (1), whether a fault occurs is monitored; if so, a fault line section algorithm is started; (2), Fourier transform is carried out on sampling data of a zero-sequence voltage and a zero-sequence current in a fifth cycle after fault occurrence and amplitudes and phase angles of the zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current fundamental waves of all paths of outgoing lines are obtained; and if a neutral point passes through an arc suppression ground system, amplitudes and phase angles of harmonic waves are calculated for five times; (3), amplitude-comparing-method fault measurement is constructed; (4), a phase-comparing-method fault measurement is constructed; (5), initial-half-wave-method fault measurement is constructed; (6), wavelet-analytical-method fault measurement is constructed; and (7), a serial number of a line with the largest fault measurement is found out under each criterion; if the serial numbers are identical, the line is a fault line and a line selection result is outputted, and the line selection is completed; and if the serial numbers are different, a multi-criterion fusion method based on a D-S evidence theory is started. With the method, accuracy of the fault line selection algorithm is improved effectively.