The invention relates to an optical
system (1) comprising at least the following components: a first holographic arrangement (2) comprising a first diffractive element (3) formed by a first
prism arrangement (4) having an at least
quadrilateral base surface, the side surfaces of the first
prism arrangement (4) having the following side surface areas: a first incident surface (31) for reference light (100), the invention relates to a first
prism arrangement (4), comprising a first incident surface (31) for object light (200) extending along a first incident plane (310), a second incident surface (32) for object light (200) extending along a second incident plane (320), where the first and second incident surfaces (31, 32) form opposite side surface regions of the first prism arrangement (4), an
exit surface (33) extending along an
exit plane (330), the first diffractive element (3) has an
exit surface (33) through which diffracted reference light (102) and diffracted object light (201) can exit from the first diffractive element (3), a
prismatic surface (34) opposite the
exit surface (33) and extending along a prismatic plane (340), an optically transmissive
diffraction grating arrangement (36) arranged in the first diffractive element (3), the transmission
diffraction grating arrangement (36) of the first diffractive element (3) comprises at least one first volumetric
phase grating, and wherein the first holographic arrangement (2) has a first mirror (35) on the prism surface (34) side and extends along a
diffraction plane (360) intersecting the first incidence plane (310) between the first incidence surface (31) and the exit surface (33), and wherein the transmission
diffraction grating arrangement (36) of the first diffractive element (3) comprises at least one first volumetric
phase grating, and wherein the first holographic arrangement (2) has a second mirror (35) on the prism surface (34) side, the first mirror (35) has a first
mirror plane (350), the first
mirror plane (350) enclosing an
angle alpha with the diffraction plane (360), and the prism plane (340) enclosing an angle
omega 2 with the diffraction plane (360), at least one of the angles alpha,
omega 2 being different from 45 degrees.