The invention discloses an intelligent wheelchair control and route optimization method based a on visual evoked brain-computer interface. The method comprises the following steps: presenting a Newton's ring to a user who sits on a wheelchair as a motion stimulating unit; acquiring and processing electroencephalogram signals of the user; recognizing out a stimulating target which is currently gazed at by virtue of a computer; indicating out the target which is gazed at by virtue of a computer screen, and transmitting a target result, which is recognized out, to an intelligent wheelchair motorcontroller so as to control the motion of a motor, so that the wheelchair is advanced; when the wheelchair, which adopts a mode of firstly rotating in situ and advancing straightly, moves straightly or is free from continuous turning in a same direction, not adjusting the rotating angle of the wheelchair, when the wheelchair, which is controlled by a user, is subjected to a continuous turning operation in a same direction, pre-judging whether the wheelchair is further to be turned in a same direction by the user, and compensating the rotating angle of the wheelchair by virtue of a curve-fitting method and shortening an advancing distance. According to the method provided by the invention, the number of target stimulation is reduced, and an advancing process of the wheelchair in continuousturning in the same direction is optimized.