The invention relates to the field of a bar code scanning technology, and discloses an automatic rotary bar code scanning structure. The automatic rotary bar code scanning structure comprises a rotation disc frame, multiple test tube clamps, a scanning head for scanning bar codes on test tubes, and a driving mechanism for driving the test tube clamps to rotate. The test tube clamps are movably connected with the rotation disc frame, the test tube clamps are provided with driving ends and clamping ends for clamping and fixing the test tubes, and the driving ends of the test tube clamps are connected with the driving mechanism; and the scanning head is arranged at the outer side of the rotation disc frame. The scanning head is arranged at the outer side of the rotation disc frame for scanning the bar codes on the test tubes, so that manual hand-operated scanning is unnecessary, the scanning efficiency is high, and the labor cost is low; and the test tubes are fixed in the clamping ends of the test tube clamps, the driving ends of the test tube clamps are driven through the driving mechanism to enable the test tube clamps to rotate, and the bar codes on the test tubes right face scanning laser emitted by the scanning head, so that manual hand-operated adjustment of the positions of the test tubes is unnecessary, risks of scanning errors are avoided, and the phenomenon of sample contamination in the test tubes, caused by manual contact, is avoided.