98 results about "Sequential decoding" patented technology

Disclosed is a decoding apparatus for LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) codes when receiving data encoded with LDPC codes on a channel having consecutive output values, and a method thereof. The decoding method for LDPC codes uses sequential decoding and includes: (a) dividing nodes into check nodes for a parity-check message and variable nodes for a bit message according to a parity-check matrix; (b) dividing the check nodes into a predetermined number of subsets; (c) sequentially decoding the LDPC codeword of each subset for all the check nodes; (d) generating an output message for verifying validity of the decoding result; and (e) iteratively performing the steps (b), (c), and (d) by a predetermined number of iterations.

The processing efficiency of a process used to decode frames of an enhanced AC-3 bit stream is improved by processing each audio block in a frame only once. Audio blocks of encoded data are decoded in block order rather than in channel order. Exemplary decoding processes for enhanced bit stream coding features such as adaptive hybrid transform processing and spectral extension are disclosed.

An apparatus and a method for encoding and / or decoding an image containing a gray alpha channel image. The apparatus for encoding an image includes a block data reception unit receiving image data of a block currently being input to the apparatus and classifies the current block either as a foreground image portion or as a background image portion according to values of gray alpha components in the current block; a foreground image encoding unit sequentially encoding the gray alpha components and brightness and hue components of the current block if the current block is classified as the foreground image portion; and a background image encoding unit encoding the gray alpha components of the current block if the current block is classified as the background image portion. The apparatus for decoding an image includes a bitstream interpretation unit interpreting the bitstream in units of predetermined blocks and classifies a current block obtained as one of the interpretation results either as a foreground image portion or as a background image portion; a foreground image decoding unit generating a restored gray alpha channel image and a restored brightness and hue image by sequentially decoding gray alpha components and brightness and hue components of the current block if the current block is classified as the foreground image portion; and a background image decoding unit generating a restored gray alpha channel image by decoding the gray alpha components of the current block if the current block is classified as the background image portion.

A method and apparatus for decoding codes applied to objects for use with a camera and a conveyor system wherein the camera includes an image sensor having a two dimensional field of view (FOV), the method comprising the steps of providing a processor programmed to perform the steps of obtaining images of the FOV, for each image identifying code candidates in at least portions of the image, ordering at least a subset of the code candidates for decoding in a candidate order wherein the candidate order is determined at least in part as a function of a first direction of travel through the FOV, attempting to decode code candidates in the order specified by the direction of travel and when a new image event occurs, foregoing attempts to decode at least a portion of the identified code candidates.

Disclosed is a decoding apparatus for LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) codes when receiving data encoded with LDPC codes on a channel having consecutive output values, and a method thereof. The decoding method for LDPC codes uses sequential decoding and includes the following steps: (a) the nodes are divided according to a parity-check matrix into check nodes for a parity-check message and variable nodes for a bit message; (b) the check nodes are divided into a predetermined number of subsets; (c) the LDPC codeword of each subset for all the check nodes is sequentially decoded; (d) an output message is generated for verifying validity of the decoding result; and (e) the steps (b), (c), and (d) are iteratively performed by a predetermined number of iterations.

A variety of advantageous mechanisms for improved data transfer control within a data processing system are described. A DMA controller is described which is implemented as a multiprocessing transfer engine supporting multiple transfer controllers which may work independently or in cooperation to carry out data transfers, with each transfer controller acting as an autonomous processor, fetching and dispatching DMA instructions to multiple execution units. In particular, mechanisms for initiating and controlling the sequence of data transfers are provided, as are processes for autonomously fetching DMA instructions which are decoded sequentially but executed in parallel. Dual transfer execution units within each transfer controller, together with independent transfer counters, are employed to allow decoupling of source and destination address generation and to allow multiple transfer instructions in one transfer execution unit to operate in parallel with a single transfer instruction in the other transfer unit. Improved flow control of data between a source and destination is provided through the use of special semaphore operations, signals and message synchronization which may be invoked explicitly using SIGNAL and WAIT type instructions or implicitly through the use of special "event-action" registers. Transfer controllers are also described which can cooperate to perform "DMA-to-DMA" transfers. Message-level synchronization can be used by transfer controllers to synchronize with each other.

The present invention discloses a method and apparatus of physical resource allocation as well as a method of data receiving and a receiving end in a wireless communication system. The method of physical resource allocation includes: detecting a pilot signal sent by each user within a designated range; obtaining received power of the pilot signal sent by each user; scheduling each user within the designated range to obtain a user group including at least one user according to the received power; and allocating a same physical resource to each user of the user group. According to the method and the apparatus, it is possible to reuse a physical resource and sequentially decode data packets corresponding to users in a user group occupying the same physical resource according to the Capture Effect and interference cancellation technology, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency and throughput of uplink or downlink greatly.

To provide an image decoding apparatus that suppresses overhead of parallel processing to improve parallelization efficiency and reduce circuit costs, while solving neighboring macroblock dependencies. The image decoding apparatus (100) includes first and second decoding circuits (101, 102) having a transfer unit that transfers right neighborhood information or left neighborhood information, and first and second transfer completion detection units (104, 105) that respectively detect whether or not the left neighborhood information or the right neighborhood information has been transferred to the first and second decoding circuits (101, 102). Each of the first and second decoding circuits (101, 102) decodes a decoding target macroblock positioned at an edge of a region, when the transfer of the left neighborhood information or the right neighborhood information is detected. A boundary line between regions is orthogonal to a decoding direction corresponding to an order in which macroblocks adjacent to each other are sequentially decoded.

In a method and a device for transforming a stream of digital numbers, the correlation between successive numbers is utilized in order to obtain a new stream having a very low correlation between the numbers, whereby the sequence of numbers can be coded much more efficiently from a compression point of view. The numbers are for this purpose coded with the difference between a predicted number (s'(i)) and the actual number (s(i)) taking into account that the sequence does not need to be possible to decode in reverse order. The non-reversible codes can also be applied in lossy data compression schemes. Such schemes can change in accordance with the currently available bandwidth in order to obtain a graceful degradation and optimal bandwidth usage when the compressed data stream is transmitted over a channel having a time varying bandwidth. A general method and device for reversible coding are also provided.

The present invention relates to Walsh Code Allocation (WCA) field in the Packet Data Control Channel. One of the embodiments of the WCA field is use of the WCA field as Last Walsh Code Index (LWCI) field in the message format of the PDCCH. The LWCI field indicates the corresponding last code index or the corresponding number of Walsh codes in a Walsh Code Index (WCI) Table / List / Set. In alternative embodiments, the WCA indicates a general set of Walsh codes or a specific set of Walsh codes in the WCI table. The WCA fields may or may not be used with one of power ranking and sequential decoding, but is preferable used. The WCA field has various advantages including but not limited to efficient use of system resources.

A semiconductor memory includes memory cells; word lines coupled to the memory cells; plate lines coupled to the memory cells; a selector that selects a first address signal in a first period and select a second address ,signal in a second period; a decode circuit that sequentially decodes the first and the second address signals selected by the selector, sequentially generates decode address signals based on the decoded first and second address signals, and sequentially activates the generated decode address signals; and a driver circuit that drives the word lines in accordance with the decode address signals activated based on the first address signal and drives the plate lines in accordance with the decode address signals activated based on the second address signal.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a video playing method, a player, a monitoring platform and a video playing system to solve a problem that the operation for comparing and analyzing continuous multi-frame images in present video playback schemes is complex. The video playing method disclosed in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: the player sends a multi-picture frame-by-frame video playing request to the monitoring platform, receives a media pack returned by the monitoring platform, and frames, wherein the media pack contains video data which are requested to play in the multi-picture frame-by-frame video playing request; image decoding is carried out according to an order from the smallest to the largest of the frame numbers of the video data frames generated after the framing; and each of the decoded frame images is displayed on the pre-divided sub-pictures.

There is provided with an encoded digital audio reproducing apparatus including: a reading control portion which reads an encoded audio file having a data part including audio data as a sequence of frames and a size part including size information on each of the frames; a table generating portion which generates a table holding positional information on frames at intervals of a predetermined number of frames in the sequence of frames; a decoding portion which sequentially decodes the audio data from a leading frame to output the decoded audio data; a reproducing portion which reproduces the decoded audio data; and a reproduction start position calculating portion which, in the case where a reproduction request from an arbitrary frame in the audio data is inputted, decides from the table a frame satisfying a positional reference for the arbitrary frame as a reproduction start frame.

Provided is a method, system, program, and data structure for decompressing a compressed data stream whose decoded output comprises lines of two-dimensional data or other data whose decoding depends upon previously decoded data and where the desired output is only part of sequentially decoded output. Received are a compressed data set, at least one pointer to a location in the compressed data stream whose decoded output comprises a location on a line of data, and decoding information for each received pointer that enables decoding from a point within the compressed data stream addressed by the pointer. For each received pointer, the following steps are performed: (i) accessing the location in the compressed data stream addressed by the pointer in the reentry data set; and (ii) using the decoding information in the reentry data set to decode compressed data from the accessed location.

A method and apparatus for joint equalization and decoding using a search-based decoding algorithm on a channel exhibiting intersymbol interference distortion is described. A sequence of information bits is encoded and modulated wherein a finite state machine described with a tree structure is implemented. The information bits are transmitted over a transmission channel having a finite impulse response. At the receiving end, a sequential decoding algorithm is used to retrieve the sequence of information bits. In one example embodiment, a Fano sequential decoder emulates the cascade of finite state machines formed by the trellis code and the channel finite response characterization to determine encoded symbols as prescribed by the path through the various branches of the tree in response to computed metrics. The distance metrics determine the path through the tree that best matches the received symbols.

Disclosed is a decoding method and device for low density parity check codes using dynamic scheduling. The low density parity check codes are sequentially decoded, and the messages are scheduled in the descending order of the difference between values before and after updating the message transmitted from the variable node to the check node.

The invention provides an audio and video synchronization method of an embedded multimedia playing system. The audio and video synchronization method of the embedded multimedia playing system is characterized by including the following steps that firstly, audio and video data streams are received and decoded; secondly, audio and video frames which are decoded flow into a display buffering zone or a queue jumping buffering zone, and the audio frames which are decoded enter an audio buffering zone, wherein the video frames which are decoded according to a normal sequence enter the display buffering zone, and the last-group video frames of which last-group decoding is later than next-group decoding enter the queue-jumping buffering zone; thirdly, synchronized playing is performed. The audio and video synchronization method of the embedded multimedia playing system has the advantages that the audio and video synchronization method is applied to the PIS of the rail transit industry, multimedia information can be issued from an OCC and transmitted to a vehicle, the function of synchronously displaying audios and videos to passengers is achieved finally, and the user experience degree when the passengers take metro vehicles is improved.

A video code stream cross many bandings decoding method and the equipment, including: initialization current great block exponential i=0; read the input code stream to find the banding of the great block that includes the exponential i=0 and decode the great block; i increase 1, decode the great block if the finding banding include the i=1 great block, otherwise continue to read the input code stream until find the banding with the i=1 great block and decode the great block; estimate the current i increase 1, continue the above steps until finish decoding the current image; the above steps continue the end of the input code stream. The invention broke through the limit of order decode in the code stream according to the banding, realize the accurate cut of the banding and decode according to the great block exponential order that cross many bandings, the decoding process and the post-processing process can the synchronization carry on, that reduce the space of the buffer storage and the delay of the decoding post-processing.

A method reconstructs a depth image encoded as a base layer bitstream, and a set of enhancement layer bitstreams. The base layer bitstream is decoded to produce pixels of a reconstructed base layer image corresponding to the depth image. Each enhancement layer bitstream is decoded in a low to high order to produces a reconstructed residual image. During the decoding of the enhancement layer bitstream, a context model is maintained using an edge map, and each enhancement layer bitstream is entropy decoded using the context model to determine a significance value corresponding to pixels of the reconstructed residual image and a sign bit for each significant pixel, and a pixel value of the reconstructed residual image is reconstructed according to the significance value, sign bit and an uncertainty interval. Then, the reconstructed residual images are added to the reconstructed base layer image to produce the reconstructed depth image.

Provided is a method, system, program, and data structure for decompressing a compressed data stream whose decoded output comprises lines of two-dimensional data or other data whose decoding depends upon previously decoded data and where the desired output is only part of sequentially decoded output. Received are a compressed data set, at least one pointer to a location in the compressed data stream whose decoded output comprises a location on a line of data, and decoding information for each received pointer that enables decoding from a point within the compressed data stream addressed by the pointer. For each received pointer, the following steps are performed: (i) accessing the location in the compressed data stream addressed by the pointer in the reentry data set; and (ii) using the decoding information in the reentry data set to decode compressed data from the accessed location.

A method of low complexity SCL decoding for polar codes is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a codeword vector generated using polar encoding, and sequentially decoding multiple bits included in a source vector from the received codeword vector based on the successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding, wherein the decoding is configured not to perform a comparison of reliability between candidate decoding paths for at least one partial bit among information bits included in the source vector, but to determine value of the partial bits based on a reliability of the corresponding bit. Therefore, it is possible to have a complexity of about 57% while having a performance degradation of about 0.03 dB or less, that is approximately the same as that of the conventional art.

The invention discloses a method and a device for realizing backward playing of a video file. The method comprises the steps of acquiring a video file, and loading a corresponding SDK file; determining at least one video frame sequence fragment from the video file frame sequence according to an inputted video backward playing instruction, and using index information of a reference I frame of the video frame sequence fragment header to act as input parameters of an SDK interface so as to call the SDK file, thereby acquiring YUV frame sequence fragment data after sequential decoding of the video frame sequence and corresponding timestamp information, and caching the YUV frame sequence fragment data and the corresponding timestamp information to at least one buffer area; and displaying the YUV frame sequence fragment data in the at least one buffer area in a inverted sequence according to the timestamp information. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, only one time of decoding is required to be carried out on the same video frame sequence set, and then inverted-order display is carried out, thereby effectively improving the running efficiency of programs.

The invention discloses an LLR-based segmented flip polarization code decoding method and an intelligent terminal. The method comprises the following steps: calculating an LLR value of an informationbit channel, counting index distribution of a low-reliability channel, and determining a segment position; performing segment coding on the information sequence according to the segment positions andthen sending the information sequence to a transmission channel; carrying out SCL decoding on the received sequence, and carrying out CRC check in a segmented mode; performing bit flipping decoding onthe sub-code segments which do not pass the CRC check; and if the flip decoding succeeds, continuing the next segment of decoding or outputting a decoding result, and if the flip decoding fails, terminating the decoding and declaring the decoding failure. According to the invention, based on the segmented decoding of the LLR, the multi-bit flipping decoding is realized, the error correction success rate is improved, the failure decoding is terminated in time, the calculation complexity is reduced, and the better decoding performance can be realized with lower calculation complexity.

A processor includes a buffer that separates a sequence of instructions having no operand into segments and stores the segments, a data holder that holds data to be processed, a decoder that references the data and sequentially decodes at least one of the instructions from the top of the sequence, an instruction execution unit that executes the instruction, and an instruction sequence control unit that controls updating of the instruction sequence in accordance with the decoding result. When the decoded top instruction is a branch instruction and if a branch is taken, the instruction sequence control unit updates the sequence so that the top instruction of one of the segments is located at the top of the sequence. If a branch is not taken, the instruction sequence control unit updates the sequence so that an instruction immediately next to the branch instruction is located at the top of the sequence.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional wavelet sub-band sorting and code stream packet sealing method in the telescopic video code, wherein the wavelet sub-band in the time domain is sorted according to the requirement of the sequential decode, and the wavelet sub-band in the time domain is divided into different levels; the wavelet sub-band in the time domain of the same level is sorted according to the size of the transmission distortion MES value; then the code stream after being sorted is packed, then transmitted to a receiving end, when the receiving end does not reach the time limit of the decode, then performs the retransmission when finding the package missing, with the retransmitting time smaller than or equal to the largest retransmitting time; when the receiving end reaches the time limit of the decode, the package missing is not retransmitted. The method provides an effective code rate transmission control method, thereby providing correct code stream distribution for the video code and the transmission, providing the code stream organizing and transmitting way of high performance three-dimensional retractability self-adapting to the isomery, the network bandwidth wave property and the time delay change and the terminal diversity of the user receiving.

A system and method for the resynchronization of a sequential decoder that decodes received signal samples stored within an input buffer is disclosed. The system comprises two auxiliary decoders coupled to the sequential decoder for running a simplified MAP decoding process when the input buffer reaches a threshold saturation level. Control of the respective increments of a read pointer and a write pointer allows one to detect the saturation of the input buffer and to derive a sequence of signal samples to the appropriate auxiliary decoder. The selected auxiliary decoder estimates a resynchronization state for the sequential decoder based on the sequence of signal samples. According to the read and the write pointers value, normal sequential decoding is resumed, otherwise, the second auxiliary decoder is selected. The selected auxiliary decoder estimates a resynchronization state for the sequential decoder based on a new sequence of signal samples.

The invention discloses a method for encoding and decoding a video, a system and a video monitoring system. The method comprises the following steps: decomposing a continuous video into at least one frame segment by an encoding end, and extracting data frames from the frame segment to form a sub-code stream group according to a time sequence; encoding a first frame of the sub-code stream group in an I-frame mode; forming a code stream group by using the encoded sub-code stream group according to the time sequence; and acquiring the code stream group by an decoding end, and sequentially decoding the data frames contained in the code stream group. The method for encoding and decoding the video, the system and the video monitoring system are suitable for various network environments and equipment characteristics, and significantly improve the video playing effect.

The present invention relates to Walsh Code Allocation (WCA) field in the Packet Data Control Channel. One of the embodiments of the WCA field is use of the WCA field as Last Walsh Code Index (LWCI) field in the message format of the PDCCH. The LWCI field indicates the corresponding last code index or the corresponding number of Walsh codes in a Walsh Code Index (WCI) Table / List / Set. In alternative embodiments, the WCA indicates a general set of Walsh codes or a specific set of Walsh codes in the WCI table. The WCA fields may or may not be used with one of power ranking and sequential decoding, but is preferable used. The WCA field has various advantages including but not limited to efficient use of system resources.

The processing efficiency of a process used to decode frames of an enhanced AC-3 bit stream is improved by processing each audio block in a frame only once. Audio blocks of encoded data are decoded in block order rather than in channel order. Exemplary decoding processes for enhanced bit stream coding features such as adaptive hybrid transform processing and spectral extension are disclosed.