The invention relates to an ultrasonic-Doppler-effect positioning puncturing device for the vessel. The device comprises an ultrasonic probe, a main control system and a puncturing device. The puncturing device comprises a support, a needle tube, a puncturing needle, a first coder and a second coder. The support is installed on the ultrasonic probe, the front end of the needle tube is installed infront of the support in a rotatable mode, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the rear of the support, and a guide rod is arranged at the rear end of the needle tube and located in the arc-shaped groove. The first coder is installed on the side wall of the needle tube, the second coder is installed on the guide rod, and the ultrasonic probe, the first coder and the second coder are electrically connected with the main control system. Due to the fact that the first coder and the second coder are arranged, through linkage between the needle tube and the ultrasonic probe, needle insertion is guided according to a puncturing range, a puncturing thread, angle information and depth information, the puncturing angle and puncturing depth of the puncturing needle are accurately controlled, it is ensured that a needle head of the puncturing needle accurately reaches the vessel of a focus part, then puncturing work is finished in a one-off mode, and the ultrasonic-Doppler-effect positioning puncturing device is safer and more reliable.