The invention discloses a method for improving sand and dust numerical forecasting through assimilation-
aerosol-cloud-
radiation, and the method comprises the steps: building a sand and
dust storm forecasting mode, calculating sand and dust optical parameters based on a spherical particle
extinction theory, and achieving the bidirectional feedback of sand and dust to weather; a sand and dust
aerosol-cloud interaction
ice nucleus nucleation mechanism is given, a sand and dust CCN type
aerosol homogeneous freezing process is realized, a
radiation variable temperature rate is calculated and fed back to a weather mode power process, and bidirectional feedback of weather-driven sand and dust and influence of sand and dust on weather is formed; constructing an
ensemble forecasting module, performing time and space related disturbance on a meteorological initial field, a boundary condition and an aerosol initial concentration, and performing
ensemble forecasting after a mode is input; and establishing an ensemble assimilation analysis correction module, constructing a background error
covariance matrix by utilizing mode
ensemble forecasting, disturbing observation at an analysis moment, and assimilating and correcting the initial concentration of the mode aerosol based on a localized ensemble Kalman filtering method to obtain a forecasting result.