The invention discloses a detachable H-shaped vertical axis wind power generation device and a work method thereof, and belongs to the wind power generation technology field. The detachable H-shaped vertical axis wind power generation device comprises a vane, a vane wheel rotation shaft, a connection rod, an electric generator and a bottom seat. The vane, the vane rotation shaft and the connectionrod which are of multi-segment telescopic structure are used, and the telescopic length of the vane, the vane rotation shaft and the connection rod is controlled according to actual air conditions, and therefore efficient capturing of wind energy in a large wind speed range is achieved. Furthermore, all the components adopt the detachable structure, and therefore the detachable H-shaped verticalaxis wind power generation device is simple and rapid to assemble and disassemble, and convenient to store and carry, can be rapidly structured in any place, and meets urgent power usage demands.