The invention relates to the technical field of power supply systems, in particular to power distribution network monitoring equipment and a patrol management method. The monitoring equipment comprises a monitoring device and a heat dissipation assembly, the heat dissipation assembly comprises a water tank, a condenser, a liquid pump, a guide pipe, a cooling pipe, a heat conduction table, a heat dissipation plate and a heat dissipation fan, the guide pipe is connected with the water tank, the liquid pump, the condenser and the cooling pipe, and the heat conduction table is connected with the heat dissipation plate. Heat generated by running of the monitoring device is absorbed by the heat conduction table and transferred to the heat dissipation plate for heat dissipation, the liquid pump pumps water in the water tank, water is condensed by the condenser and then guided into the cooling pipe, heat of the monitoring device is absorbed and guided back to the water tank through low-temperature water, water-cooling heat dissipation is carried out on the monitoring device, the heat dissipation fan rotates to blow air so that air-cooling heat dissipation and cooling can be carried out on the monitoring device, the monitoring device can be rapidly cooled through multiple heat dissipation, and aging of internal electrical components is slowed down; and thus, and the problem that the service life of the device is affected due to poor heat dissipation in the monitoring device in present power distribution equipment is solved.