A method for predicting
coal spontaneous combustion temperature based on adaptive fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data is proposed. This method collects four data sources: time-
series data of indicator gas concentrations, distributed
fiber optic temperature
field data,
infrared thermal
imaging data, and environmental parameter data.
Modal features are extracted using bidirectional long short-
term memory networks, one-dimensional convolutional networks, two-dimensional convolutional networks, and fully connected networks, respectively.
Data quality scores are calculated in real-time for each
data source, generating adaptive fusion weights. A cross-
modal multi-head attention mechanism is used to deeply fuse the multi-
modal features. The fused features are then propagated multiple times forward using a Monte Carlo random deactivation method, outputting the predicted temperature value and its
confidence interval. A
risk assessment index is constructed by combining the temperature
rise rate, enabling graded early warning of
coal spontaneous combustion temperature. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing methods, such as reliance on a single
data source, lack of sensor
fault tolerance, and lack of confidence assessment for prediction results, thus improving the accuracy, robustness, and scientific validity of
coal spontaneous combustion temperature prediction and early warning.