The invention relates to the field of soil remediation and relates to a preparation method of a soil remediation material. According to the invention, after natural attapulgite clay is subjected to acid treatment, impurities such as dolomite and calcium carbonate are removed, the bonding force between original molecules is weakened, pore channels are dredged, uniformly-distributed gaps are formedon the surface, the adsorption performance of the soil remediation material is improved, activation pore channels are provided for the load of nano zero-valent iron, polyethyleneimine is tightly adsorbed on the inner surface of silica gel pores to form a nanofiltration film, heavy metal ions can be adsorbed and concentrated, the heavy metal ions can be efficiently adsorbed, the zero-valent iron can increase the effective surface area of nano-particles and enhance the active sites, and the electron transfer is enhanced, so that the adsorption efficiency is improved, the zero-valent iron can exchange heavy metals in the soil after being oxidized, after ferrous ions are fixed by Rhodococcus coprophilus, metabolic channels are induced to change, more degradable soil organic pollutants can be secreted, and the method has a wide application prospect.