The invention discloses a file storage method. The method comprises the steps that a cloud searches whether a first hash value exists or not; if yes, the cloud returns prompt information of repeated files and waits for uploading of the second ciphertext; if not, the cloud requests for the to-be-uploaded file; and the client encrypts the to-be-uploaded file to obtain an encrypted file, encrypts thefirst preset key to obtain a first ciphertext, encrypts the second hash value by using a second preset key to obtain a second ciphertext, and uploads the first ciphertext, the second ciphertext and the encrypted file to the cloud. According to the method, the to-be-uploaded file is in a ciphertext form when leaving the client, the unsafe environment on the network and the cloud is isolated, meanwhile, the second hash value of the file is adopted to encrypt the first preset key to ensure that the key of the encrypted file is not leaked, data deduplication is carried out on the encrypted data,and meanwhile, the security of the data is ensured. The invention also provides a file storage system, cloud equipment and terminal equipment, which have the above beneficial effects.