The invention discloses an environmental pollution monitoring instrument, which comprises a data processing center, a first display, a plurality of detection station devices and a plurality of signalamplifiers; wherein each detection station device comprises two locating rods arranged with an interval, a cross rod, a first driving cylinder, a mounting frame, detectors, a second driving cylinder and a GPS locator; the detectors comprise a data transponder, a processor, an ammonia-nitrogen detection sensor, a CO detection sensor, a CO2 detection sensor, a PM2.5 detection sensor, a humidity sensor, an air quality detector, a 4G network card and a data login-in port; the ammonia-nitrogen detection sensor, the CO detection sensor, the CO2 detection sensor, the PM2.5 detection sensor, the humidity sensor, the air quality detector, the 4G network card and the data login-in port are connected with the processor; the processor is connected with the data transponder through the 4G network card;the data transponder is connected with the data processing center; the 4G network card is also connected with a mobile terminal; the signal amplifiers are connected with the data transponder; and theGPS locator is connected with the data processing center. The invention has the advantages that the cost is reduced; all detectors are controlled by one control center; and data are amplified in realtime.