The present invention discloses a character string matching based method and system for analyzing address information of an identification card. The method comprises: firstly, acquiring provinces, cities, counties and regions all over the country and codes corresponding to the provinces, cities, counties and regions all over the country, reading all regularized address code entries into a storage medium, and storing each address code entry simultaneously by using two mapping modes, wherein one mapping mode is a dictionary mapping mode of fetching the lowest level of field and code in the address code entries, and the other mapping mode is a mapping from the codes to full names of the provinces, cities and counties; and reading character strings of one piece of address information of an identification card and performing processing on the character strings, only reserving keywords corresponding to the regions, counties and cities to obtain key information strings, and performing matching and interception on the key information strings in order from low level to high level, and obtaining corresponding codes and corresponding standard full names of the provinces, cities and counties according to the two mappings. According to the method, detailed information of the provinces, cities and counties can be very effectively, reliably and automatically acquired, a large amount of labor work is saved, the problem of irregular address information of the identification card is solved, errors in digital personal information are avoided, and subsequent application accuracy is ensured.