The present invention is directed to methods for treating or preventing
neuroinflammation in a subject by administering an effective amount of a single-domain
antibody (sdAb) comprising SEQ ID NO:1. The method is applicable to subjects with
multiple sclerosis, including secondary progressive, primary progressive, and relapsing-remitting forms. Administration may be intravenous, subcutaneous, or
intrathecal, with dosage regimens including daily administration, loading and maintenance doses, or
continuous infusion. The method may be initiated upon first clinical signs of
central nervous system demyelination and continued for at least 14 days. The sdAb may be co-administered with a pharmaceutically acceptable
excipient such as
mannitol,
sucrose, or
polysorbate 80, and optionally combined with
disease-modifying therapies including
interferon-β,
glatiramer acetate,
fingolimod, or ocrelizumab. The invention provides a targeted approach for modulating neuroinflammatory processes in neurological disorders.