The invention discloses a kit for nucleic acid extraction, the kit comprises a nucleic acid extraction component, the nucleic acid extraction component comprises guanidine salt, a surfactant, a buffer component and a chelating agent; the guanidine salt is one or more of sulfaguanidine, guanidine hydrochloride, guanidine cyanate, guanidine carbonate or guanidine nitrate; the surfactant is one or more of stearic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, quaternization compound, lecithin, alkyl glucoside, fatty glyceride, fatty acid sorbitan or polysorbate; and the buffer component is phosphate, Tris, carbonate or acetate. According to the nucleic acid extraction kit provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the sample is extracted by the nucleic acid extraction reagent, the impurity content can be effectively reduced, background enzymes are removed to prevent product degradation, meanwhile, a target product is protected, and the extraction efficiency is remarkably improved.