The invention belongs to the technical field of coal slime water flotation and particularly relates to a microbubble enhanced mineral grading device. The microbubble enhanced mineral grading device comprises a material inlet chute, unit pools, clapboards, rectificate pipe bundles, outer side pool walls, inner side pool walls, pool bottoms, bottom flow pipes, control valves, connection pipes, sprayholes, bubble generating devices, air inflation pumps, air inlet pipes, inflow areas, outflow areas and a discharging pipe, after coal slime water evenly flows into the outermost unit pool through the material inlet chute, under the action of the gravity, the coal slime water moves downwards from the upper portions of the inflow areas of the unit pools and flows around to the outflow areas of theunit pools, the material inlet speed is controlled to be larger than the bottom flow speed, the outflow areas generate ascending water flow, particles of larger particle size are discharged from thebottom flow pipes, a gasified medicament is mixed with air to enter the unit pools through the bubble generating devices, and a bubble group is formed to float up the particles of smaller particle size rapidly, the fine particles floating up enter one next unit pool, the above work is repeated, and the whole grading process is finished. The microbubble enhanced mineral grading device is simple instructure and operates steadily, and the coal slime water grading efficiency is improved.