The invention discloses an efficient aluminum alloy profile heat treatment device which comprises a transverse sliding rail, a longitudinal sliding rail and working boxes. The longitudinal sliding rail is arranged at one end of the transverse sliding rail, and the two working boxes are arranged on one side of the transverse sliding rail side by side. By rotating a crank, an adjusting rod rotates; threaded strips are arranged at the connecting positions of the adjusting rod and two nut seats, the two threaded strips are connected with the nut seats through threads, and the threaded connection directions are opposite, so that the two nut seats are far away from each other, then two second rotating plates rotate and are matched with two first rotating plates, the lifting work of a supporting plate is achieved, and a sealing plate is attached to a stop piece; an aluminum alloy profile is fed into a heating layer, a box door is closed, a closed space is formed, heat treatment work is conducted, the heat treatment efficiency is high, a rotating rod is rotated, the rotating rod rotates along a rotating shaft, the rotating rod is inserted into a clamping groove in a clamping block, a rotating disc is rotated, the position of the clamping block is fixed, disassembly is convenient, and discharging is easy and fast.