The invention provides a system and a method for human and machine voice interaction based on Java Map. The system comprises a voice identifying module, a spoken language comprehending module, a dialogue management module, a language generating module and a voice synthesizing module, wherein the voice identifying module is used for receiving voice information inputted by a user, and identifying the voice information into text data, the spoken language comprehending module is used for performing semantic mining on the text data, and converting the text data into a type which can be identified by a machine, the semantic mining is used for integrating contextual information inputted by the user according to a storage and utilization strategy of context key semantic elements of the Java Map, and extracting semantic key elements of the identified text, the dialogue management module is used for controlling the dialogue process of the human and machine interaction, the language generating module is used for integrating fragmentary answers to obtain a fluent text which meets the logic language expression type of people, and the voice synthesizing module is used for converting the generated answer text into voice information, and broadcasting the voice information to the user.