The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and relates to an emergency sputum aspirator for respiratory medicine. The emergency sputum aspirator comprises a body and is characterized in that a pressure-resistant damping cushion is arranged on the lower side of the body, and fixing support columns are arranged on the lower side of the pressure-resistant damping cushion; a medical instrument storage box, an external heat radiation window fixing frame and a power line protection hook are arranged on the right side of the body, the upper side of the medical instrument storage box is provided with a protection clamping slot, the medical instrument storage box is connected with a storage box protection cover which is provided with a protection clamping lock, a rubber handle is arranged on the outer side of the storage box protection cover, the external heat radiation window is provided with an external heat radiation window, and a three-phase power plug protector is arranged on the upper side of the power line protection hook. The emergency sputum aspirator for respiratory medicine has the advantages of functional completeness, convenience in use, intelligence, accuracy, safety, science, convenience, quickness, time saving and labor saving in emergency sputum clearing for respiratory patients taking a checkup of whether sputum is in throat or not, and work difficulty is relieved for medical personnel.