The invention discloses an efficient anti-rusting overwater garbage salvaging device for a ship. The efficient anti-rusting overwater garbage salvaging device comprises a machine body, a position adjusting device and a salvaging device body. The machine body comprises a base, a balancing weight, a storage battery, a push rod, a handle, rotary seats and universal wheels. The position adjusting device comprises a longitudinal supporting plate, a first hydraulic cylinder, a first piston cylinder, a first hydraulic piston, a first connection block, a lifting plate, a transverse supporting plate, a second hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic piston, a second connection block, a transverse telescopic plate and a fixing seat. The salvaging device body comprises a rotary roller, a baffle, a motor, a left connection rod, a right connection rod, a connection ring, a rotary shaft, a left rotary buckle, a left salvaging manipulator, a right salvaging manipulator and water leakage holes. Through the efficient anti-rusting overwater garbage salvaging device for the ship, overwater garbage salvaging operation is achieved, and the efficient anti-rusting overwater garbage salvaging device has mechanical assistance, is convenient to operate and meets existing requirements.