102 results about "Microarray profiling" patented technology

We describe a method for interrogating the content and primary structure of DNA by microarray analyses and to provide comprehensive genetic screening and diagnostics prior to embryo transfer within an IVF setting. We will accomplish this by the following claims: 1) an optimized embryo grading system, 2) a less invasive embryo biopsy with reduced cellular contamination, 3) an optimized DNA amplification protocol for single cells, 4) identify aneuploidy and structural chromosome abnormalities using microarrays, 5) identifying sub-telomeric chromosome rearrangements, 6) a modified DNA fingerprinting protocol, 7) determine imprinting and epigenetic changes in developing embryos, 8) performing genome-wide scans to clarify/diagnose multi-factorial genetic disease and to determine genotype/haplotype patterns that may predict future disease, 9) determining single gene disorders with or without a known DNA mutation, 10) determining mtDNA mutations and/or the combination of mtDNA and genomic (nuclear) DNA aberrations that cause genetic disease.

Disclosed are compositions and methods for detecting small quantities of analytes such as proteins and peptides. The method involves associating a primer with an analyte and subsequently using the primer to mediate rolling circle replication of a circular DNA molecule. Amplification of the DNA circle is dependent on the presence of the primer. Thus, the disclosed method produces an amplified signal, via rolling circle amplification, from any analyte of interest. The amplified DNA remains associated with the analyte, via the primer, and so allows spatial detection of the analyte. The disclosed method can be used to detect and analyze proteins and peptides. Multiple proteins can be analyzed using microarrays to which the various proteins are immobilized. A rolling circle replication primer is then associated with the various proteins using a conjugate of the primer and a molecule that specifically binds the proteins to be detectable. Rolling circle replication from the primers results in production of a large amount of DNA at the sites in the array where the proteins are immobilized. The amplified DNA serves as a readily detectable signal for the proteins. The disclosed method can also be used to compare the proteins expressed in two or more different samples. The information generated is analogous to the type of information gathered in nucleic acid expression profiles. The disclosed method allows sensitive and accurate detection and quantitation of proteins expressed in any cell or tissue.

The present invention provides methods for diagnosing melanoma in a subject by analyzing nucleic acid molecules obtained from the subject. The present invention also provides methods for distinguishing melanoma from dysplastic nevi and/or normal pigmented skin. The methods include analyzing expression or mutations in epidermal samples, of one or more skin markers. The methods can include the use of a microarray to analyze gene or protein profiles from a sample.

Described herein are novel polynucleotides associated with prostate cancer. The polynucleotides are miRNAs, miRNA precursors, and associated nucleic acids. Methods and compositions are described that can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of prostate cancer. Also described herein are methods that can be used to identify modulators of the disease-associated polynucleotides. Also described herein are methods and compositions for linear amplification and labeling of a targeted nucleic acid. The amplified targeted molecules may be used in hybridization techniques like Luminex and Microarray analysis.

The present inventors have shown that the gene and protein expression profiles of ADAM8, ADAM10 and ADAM12 in different grades and stages of bladder cancer.

ADAM12 gene expression was evaluated in tumors from 96 patients with bladder cancer using a customized Affymetrix GeneChip. Gene expression in bladder cancer was validated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative PCR, and in situ hybridization. Protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining on tissue arrays of bladder cancers.

The presence and relative amount of ADAM12 in the urine of cancer patients were determined by Western blotting and densitometric measurements, respectively.

Particularly ADAM12 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in bladder cancer, as determined by microarray analysis, and the level of ADAM12 mRNA correlated with disease stage. ADAM12 protein expression correlated with tumor stage and grade. ADAM12 was present in higher levels in the urine from bladder cancer patients than in urine from healthy individuals. Significantly, following removal of tumor by surgery, in most bladder cancer cases examined the level of ADAM12 in the urine decreased and, upon recurrence of tumor, increased.

The present invention provides methods and compositions that enable tagging and amplification of targeted RNA molecules. A targeted RNA molecule is any non-polyadenylated RNA molecule including, for example, miRNA, siRNA, rRNA, tRNA, synthetic RNA, or non-polyadenylated mRNA such as mRNA from bacteria. In certain aspects, the invention provides methods and compositions for the genome-wide expression analysis of bacterial genes. Significantly, the methods enable genome-wide expression analysis in circumstances where bacterial numbers were previously too low to purify adequate amounts of RNA for DNA microarray analysis or other applications. Such methods are particularly useful for the study of bacterial gene expression during host-cell infection. The invention also provides kits for tagging and amplifying targeted RNA molecules.

The present invention provides compositions, apparatuses and methods for detecting one or more nucleic acid targets present in a sample. Methods of the invention include utilizing two or more oligonucleotide probes that reversibly bind a target nucleic acid in close proximity to each other and possess complementary reactive ligation moieties. When such probes have bound to the target in the proper orientation, they are able to undergo a spontaneous chemical ligation reaction that yields a ligated oligonucleotide product. In one aspect, the ligation product is of variable length that correlates with a particular target. Following chemical ligation, the probes may be amplified and detected by capillary electrophoresis or microarray analysis.

The present invention provides methods for characterizing a skin sample of a subject as belonging to an age range by analyzing nucleic acid or protein molecules obtained from the subject. The methods include analyzing expression or mutations in epidermal samples, of one or more skin markers. The methods can include the use of a microarray to analyze gene or protein profiles from a sample and compare them with a known skin age index. Therapeutic and cosmetic formulations are also provided herein.

Described are polynucleotides associated with lung cancer. The polynucleotides are miRNAs, miRNA precursors, and associated nucleic acids. Methods and compositions are described that can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of lung cancer. Also described are methods that can be used to identify modulators of the disease-associated polynucleotides. Also described are methods and compositions for linear amplification and labeling of a targeted nucleic acid. The amplified targeted molecules may be used in hybridization techniques like Luminex and Microarray analysis.

Drug-naive and drug-free schizophrenic PBL were screened to identify additional markers that are differentially expressed compared to healthy individuals using microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) techniques. Genes for dopamine D₂ receptor (DRD2) and inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir2.3) were found to be overexpressed in microarray analysis. Increased mRNA levels were confirmed by QRT-PCR using SybrGreen method and dual labeled TaqMan probes.

The invention relates to a method for diagnosing schizophrenia in a subject comprising assessing the level or the expression level of at least one of the following genes or proteins: Kir2.3 or DRD2 or a gene encoding Kir2.3 or DRD2. The invention further relates to agents and uses thereof, said agents specifically binding to said proteins or nucleic acids encoding them, diagnostic kits and screening methods.

Use of both molecular markers allow prediction of schizophrenia and help to follow efficiency of drugs in therapy in order to provide a more tailored medication for schizophrenic patients.

We analyzed bone marrow from 67 patients from a phase 2 study of farnesyltransferase inhibition with tipifarnib (R115777, ZARNESTRA®), in older adults with previously untreated, poor-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for N-Ras mutations, global gene expression, and/or quantitative PCR (qPCR) of specific genes. Microarray profiling identified a two-gene expression ratio (RASGRP1:APTX) which provided the greatest accuracy for predicting response to tipifarnib. We demonstrated that this classifier could predict response to tipifarnib in an independent set of 54 samples from relapsed or refractory AML, with a NPV and PPV of 92% and 28%, respectively (odds ratio of 4.4). Therefore, in both newly diagnosed and relapsed or refractory AML, this classifier improves the overall response rate by approximately 50% while maintaining a high NPV, and significantly improves patient overall survival. The two-gene classifier was also validated by qPCR in thirty AML samples from the same clinical study demonstrating a negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of 81% and 50%, respectively (odds ratio of 4.3). These data indicate that a simple two-gene expression assay may have utility in diagnosing a population of AML patients who are more likely to respond to tipifarnib.

Macroporous polymer substrates have greater immobilization capacity for large biomolecules and better access for analytes than substrates used previously for microarrays. Microarrays are fabricated with macroporous polymer substrates, and nucleic acids, proteins and peptides are immobilized in the substrate. Microarrays with macroporous polymer substrates are useful in immunoassays, drug discovery studies and other biotechnological applications that involve large scale macromolecular interactions. Nucleic acid hybridizations, protein binding, and antigen-antibody interactions are analyzed using microarrays with macroporous polymer substrates.

Using RNA samples from mononuclear blood cells, gene sequences were identified that can be used to identify patients with IBD, and then distinguish patients with Crohn's disease from those with ulcerative colitis. Sequences were identified whose overexpression was distinct to patients with IBD, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis when compared to patients with non-IBD intestinal disorders. Additionally, cluster analysis was used to identify twenty-five sequences that are IBD-related, and whose transcription pattern can be used in a microarray analysis to identify patients with IBD with a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 100%. Cluster analysis also identified thirty-six genes that could be used to distinguish patients with Crohn's disease from those with ulcerative colitis with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 80%.

Methods for preparing cDNA libraries from single and low quantities of cells are disclosed. The methods are based on the principles of multi-strand displacement amplification or semi-random primed polymerase chain reaction. The methods typically include a step of reverse transcription and subsequent amplification of cDNA. The methods can be adapted for preparation of cDNA libraries that are representative of mRNA or whole RNA expressed by the cell or cells. The cDNA is suitable for sequencing or microarray analysis.

A method and kit for the label-free detection of global gene expression using nanoparticle probes in an array assay format is described. The method avoids the problems associated with fluorescent labeling and target amplification.

The present invention provides methods for diagnosing melanoma and/or solar lentigo in a subject by analyzing nucleic acid molecules obtained from the subject. The present invention also provides methods for distinguishing melanoma from solar lentigo and/or dysplastic nevi and/or normal pigmented skin. The methods include analyzing expression or mutations in epidermal samples, of one or more skin markers. The methods can include the use of a microarray to analyze gene or protein profiles from a sample.