This invention discloses an
electrolyte, a
supercapacitor, and their application in
wind power energy storage based on a
silicon-
sulfur synergistic multifunctional
electrolyte additive, belonging to the field of
supercapacitor technology. The additive is composed of 4-(triethoxysilyl)
phenyl isothiocyanate and diphenylphosphimide in a
mass ratio of (0.4~1.2):(0.3~0.9). Through the efficient acid removal of the
isothiocyanate group, the chemical anchoring of the
siloxane group, and the stabilizing effect of the phenyl conjugation, it synergizes with the
flame retardant and
ion transport regulation functions of the phosphorimide to construct a stable interface with high
temperature resistance and high
ion conductivity. The
electrolyte contains the additive, a composite
lithium salt (LiPF6 / LiFSI / LiPO2F2), a five-element functional
solvent (FEC / EC / PC / DEC / EMC), and auxiliary film-forming components (VC / DTD / PST), which synergistically solve the problems of
acid corrosion, interface
instability, and
solvent decomposition at high temperatures. The
supercapacitor exhibits low free acidity and high capacity retention after 28 days of storage at 55°C, high capacity retention after 350 high-temperature cycles, and short self-extinguishing time, meeting the high reliability requirements of extreme operating conditions such as
wind power energy storage.