Biologically active compounds that can be used as photosensitizers for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, particularly for PDT of
cancer, infections and other hyperproliferative diseases,
fluorescence diagnosis and PDT treatment of a non-tumorous indication such as
arthritis, inflammatory diseases, viral or bacterial infections, dermatological, opthamological or
urological disorders are provided as well as providing methods to obtain them in pharmaceutical quality. One embodiment consists of a method to synthesize a
porphyrin with a defined arrangement of meso-substituents and then converting this
porphyrin system to a
chlorin system by
dihydroxylation or reduction, and if more than one isomer is formed separate them by
chromatography either on normal or reversed phase silica. In another embodiment the substituents on the
porphyrin are selected to direct the reduction or
dihydroxylation to the
chlorin so that a certain isomer is selectively formed. Another embodiment is to provide amphiphilic compounds with a higher membrane affinity and increased PDT-
efficacy. In other embodiments the
nucleophilic substitution on pentafluorophenyl-substituted tetrapyrroles is used to obtain compounds with a high PDT-
efficacy. In another embodiment substituents are identified that via their steric and / or electronic influence direct the
dihydroxylation or reduction with
diimine so that one isomer is favored. Another embodiment consists of formulating the desired
tetrapyrrole photosensitizer into a
pharmaceutical formulation to be injected into the body avoiding undesirable effects like
solubility problems or delayed
pharmacokinetics of the
tetrapyrrole systems.