The invention relates to a water jacket structure of a diesel cylinder block. The upper portion of an intake side of the cylinder block is provided with a water distributing channel, the front end of which is connected with a water pump and the rear end of which is provided with an engine oil cooler cavity; a cylinder block water jacket is formed at the middle/upper portion of the cylinder block and comprises at least two transversely parallel single water jacket bodies, each of which is provided with an water intake hole and a water drainage hole, the water distributing channel is communicated with the interior of each of the single water jacket bodies through the water intake holes; the water intake hole on the first single water jacket body at the front end of the cylinder block water jacket comprises a front straight water intake hole and a rear straight water intake hole, the water intake holes on other single water jacket bodies each comprise a rear straight water intake hole, wherein all the single water jacket bodies are each provided with an oblique water intake hole except the first single water jacket body, the front straight water intake hole, the rear straight water intake hole and the oblique water intake hole are all tangential to the periphery of the single water jacket bodies. The water jacket structure, skillful and reasonable in structure, can effectively cool the cylinder block and the engine oil, increase the rigidity of the intake side of the cylinder block and lower noise.