The invention discloses an application of dioscin to preparation of medicines for treating Alzheimer's diseases. The Morris
water maze testing result shows that a dioscin administration group can shorten the escaping latency period, prolong original platform quadrant
residence time and increase the number of times of passing through a platform, which indicates that the dioscin can significantly improve the
spatial learning and memorizing capacity of AD mice; the
gait analysis result indicates that the dioscin can significantly increase the
gait indexes of the AD mice, and strengthen the
physical strength of the AD mice, so that the movement velocity of the AD mice is accelerated, the stride frequency is increased, the stepping length is increased and the
duty cycle can be significantly shortened; the dioscin can significantly reduce the MDA level in hippocampal tissue of the AD mice, increase the GSH level and the SOD level, and improve
oxidative damage of
brain tissue of the AD mice;and the dioscin can restrain AchE activity of the hippocampal tissue, increase ChAT level, influence a
cholinergic system, obviously improve the
pathology structure of the
brain tissue of the AD miceand ultrastructural damage of
nerve cells. The dioscin can be used as a single effective component to be prepared into medicines, and can be combined with other medicines for preparing a compound preparation.