The present invention relates to a body-type high-strength bionic adhesive preparation method, which comprises: adding polyvinyl alcohol and a solvent to a reaction kettle, adding a catalyst and a pyrocatechol-containing compound under protection of argon or nitrogen, carrying out a stirring reaction for a certain time at a temperature of 50-100 DEG C, cooling the system to a room temperature, precipitating in water, repeatedly washing the precipitate by using water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the bionic adhesive. According to the present invention, the adhesive is synthesized by using the one-step method, such that the operation scale-up and the industrial production are easily achieved; the adhesive is the body-type adhesive, the curing is rapid, and the strength achieves more than or equal to 6 MPa; the adhesive has the wide substrate universality, and is suitable for adhesion of metals, plastics, glasses, ceramics, bones and the like, and is further suitable for preparation of formaldehyde-free wood-based plates; and the perfect combination of the synthetic polymer and the natural mussel adhesion protein is achieved, the technical bottleneck of the current bionic mussel adhesive is expected to be broken through, and the new approach is provided for the development of the bionic polymer materials based on shellfish.