193 results about "Hypothalamus" patented technology

This technology relates generally to compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and / or protecting neuronal cell from cell death. Various compounds are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and / or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

In an in vitro fertilization method, a woman is treated with a hypothalamic hormone and / or a pituitary hormone or an agonist or antagonist thereof or an active derivative thereof for a short period of time and, thereafter, using in vitro oocyte maturation egg or eggs are retrieved from the woman and are maturated using a meiosis activating compound.

The invention relates generally to methods of treating cancer and other diseases by modulating body temperature. Heat may directed to the hypothalamus of a warm-blooded animal to cool the animal, utilizing the physiological mechanisms that regulate body temperature to effect a compensatory cooling response, thereby lowering body temperature (hypothermia), and rendering other methods of lowering body temperature more effective. Heat may be withdrawn from the hypothalamus of an animal, cooling the hypothalamus, inducing a compensatory increase in body temperature (hyperthermia), and rendering other methods of raising body temperature more effective. Body temperature may be directly modulated by heat-exchange catheter positioned within a blood vessel of a patient. The invention relates generally to methods of treating cancer by inducing hypothermia by directing heat to the hypothalamus, optionally maintaining cancerous tissue at or near to normal body temperature, and optionally applying another cancer treatment. This other cancer treatment may be radiation therapy, chemotherapy, a combination of radiation and chemotherapy, or some other cancer treatment. The invention relates generally to methods of treating diseases including cancer, viral infections, and other diseases, comprising inducing hyperthermia by cooling the hypothalamus, and optionally applying another treatment, for example radiation, chemotherapy, antiviral therapy, or a combination of therapies.

The present invention concerns the use of an agonist of an hypothalamic hormone for the preparation of a pharmaceutical agent to support the luteal phase during infertility treatment of female mammals and more specifically of woman. According to this invention, the pharmaceutical agent is suitable to be used for supporting the luteal phase after a spontaneous ovulation or after stimulation of follicular growth, trigger of final follicular maturation and ovulation with one or several additional agents.

Methods of reducing food intake and glucose production in a mammal, or restoring hepatic autoregulation are provided. The methods involve increasing long-chain fatty acyl-Co-A (LC-CoA) levels in the hypothalamus, or stimulating efferent fibers in the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve. Also provided are methods of increasing food intake and glucose production in a mammal. The methods involve decreasing long-chain fatty acyl-Co-A (LC-CoA) levels in the hypothalamus of the mammal.

This technology relates generally to compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and / or protecting neuronal cell from cell death. Various compounds are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and / or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclose describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure also relates to compositions of cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons, and their precursors, that are highly enriched and can be used in variety of application. These cells can be used therapeutically to treat neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.

The present invention is directed to a method for treating a patient suffering from the metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, obesity, or prediabetes, comprising the step of increasing the ratio of dopaminergic neuronal to noradrenergic neuronal activity within the central nervous system and particularly the hypothalamus of the central nervous system of the patient.In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for treating a patient suffering from a metabolic disorder such as the metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, obesity, or prediabetes, and the metabolic sequale of these diseases including cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, renal and hepatic diseases, comprising the step of: administering to a patient suffering from the metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, obesity, or prediabetes a pharmaceutical composition comprising (1) at least one compound that stimulates an increase in central dopaminergic neuronal activity level in the subject, and (2) at least one compound that stimulates a decrease in central noradrenergic neuronal activity level in the subject. The present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions that include the above compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The present invention is directed to a method for treating a patient suffering from the metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, obesity, or prediabetes, comprising the step of increasing the ratio of dopaminergic neuronal to noradrenergic and / or serotonin neuronal activity within the central nervous system and particularly the hypothalamus of the central nervous system of the patient.

A method of treating or preventing neurodegenerative disease in a subject, the method includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one physiologically acceptable agent that modulates levels, production, and / or function of brain-derived hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis or their receptors.

Described herein is a system which uses a gene therapy particle that includes at least one gene, cDNA, fragment or analogue of at least one neurotropin that binds to the trkB receptor or the trkB receptor itself. The gene therapy particle is capable of being delivered to a subject in need thereof for therapy of a metabolic disorder. In a particular aspect, this invention is directed to an inventive method that demonstrates a remarkable efficacy on lowering body weight.

The present invention provides a method of obtaining aggregates containing a rostral hypothalamus tissue and a rostral head ectodermal tissue, a hypophysis precursor tissue and a hypophysis hormone producing cell, by using a serum-free medium (preferably substantially free of growth factor and insulins), forming homogeneous aggregates of stem cells from pluripotent stem cells such as ES cell and the like, which are plated at a high cell concentration, and subjecting the formed aggregates to floating-culture.

The invention relates to a method of altering hypothalamic function in an individual. The method comprises nasally administering a human semiochemical, e.g. an Estrene steroid, or a pharmaceutical composition containing an Estrene steroid, such that the ligand semiochemical binds to a specific neuroepithelial receptor. The steroid is preferably administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Other embodiments of the invention include pharmaceutical compositions containing the steroids.

The invention provides a voice separating method based on an auditory center system under the multi-sound-source environment, and relates to the field of digital signal processing. The voice separating method solves the boundedness that most voice recognition methods can only be used under the low-noise and single-sound-source environment. To carry out the voice recognition under the multi-sound-source noisy environment, voice separation needs to be achieved firstly. According to the voice separating method based on the auditory center system, the multi-spectra analysis is carried out on voice signals through a peripheral hearing model, a coinciding nerve cell comprises a general cynapse model and a general cell model to integrate the information of an ITD and the information of an ILD, the voice separation is achieved in a hypothalamus cell model, and the experiment shows that the method has good robustness.

Methods for modulating the endocrine system of a mammal are provided. In the subject methods, a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors of the hypothalamus are administered to the host. The subject methods find use in applications where it is desired to increase the baseline circulatory level of a growth hormone in a mammalian host. The subject methods also find use in applications where it is desired to increase the circulatory level of DHEA in a mammalian host. Finally, another subject method also finds use in applications where it is desired to decrease the circulatory level of cortisol in a mammalian host.

The present invention discloses a pharmaceutical preparation of Chinese herbal medicines which consists of Chinese herbal medicines for tonifying kidney and antiasthma, wherein the Chinese herbal medicines are Perilla Frutescens, Prunus Armeniaca, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, Scutellaria Baicalensis, Coptis Chinesis, Tusilago Farfara, Stemona Sessilifolia, Fritllaria Cirrhosa, Pheretima Aspergillum, Psoralea Corylifolia, Codonopsis Pilosula, Hordeum Vulgara, Massa Fermentata Medicalis, Schisandra Chinensis, Gypsum. The preparation has been used in China for 20 years, and in Israel for more than 5 years. It has been used to treat thousands of patients suffering from asthma with an effective rate of 93%. The present preparation can relieve cough, expel phlegm, resist airway allergic inflammation reaction, improve pulmonary function, partial pressure of the oxygen in blood and increase CD2, CD4, CD4 / CD8, reduce IgE in blood, and increase CAMP, reduce CGMP, stabilize mast cells, inhibit the release of histamine, which makes it capable of stopping the attack of asthma. As shown with an electron microscope, the preparation protects lung cells, increases lung cells of type 2, and recovers the lung's capacity. It can be applied to the hormone dependent patients for decreasing and ceasing the administration of hormone by adjusting hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. To further demonstrate the therapeutic effect, a clinical trial carried in the Tel-Hashomer Hospital of Israel proved the preparation can improve asthma significantly.

The Chinese medicine composition for treating female's climacteric syndrome is prepared with wolfberry bark, privet fruit, yerbadetajo herb, flatstem milkvetch seed, silktree albizia bark and other Chinese medicinal materials. The Chinese medicinal materials are prepared into granule through the steps of extraction, concentration, drying and adding medicinal acceptable supplementary material. It is used in treating female's climacteric syndrome and can regulate the function of hypothalamus-pituitary body-ovary endocritic shaft, and improve the symptoms and physical signs of climacteric syndrome caused by Yin deficiency and inner heat.

Disclosed are methods of modulating and / or decreasing serum corticosterone levels in an individual affected by stress. Further disclosed are methods of modulating the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal response in an individual. The methods include administration of 2-fucosyl-lactose to an individual.

The invention belongs to the field of Chinese medicine pharmacy, and relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating menopausal syndrome and a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises traditional Chinese medicine radix rehmanniae, radix paeoniae alba, rhizoma anemarrhenae, golden cypress, morinda officinalis, herba epimedii, raw oyster shell, crude dragon bone, radix bupleuri and tuber fleeceflower stem as main medicines, and is blended with auxiliary materials to be prepared into the preparation for treating the symptoms related to menopause, i.e. the heating, the sweating, the agitated emotion, the insomnia and the like. The experiment proves that the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention has the definite functions for improving the blood serum E2 and reducing the blood serum FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), the hypothalamus estrogen receptors Er alpha, Er beta gene expression and protein expression can be continuously adjusted, and the situation of hypothalamus aging can be improved, so that the menopausal syndrome can be effectively cured.

The invention relates to the effect of a morinda officinalis extract on improving or treating sexual disorder, and an application thereof. The substance for treating or improving the sexual disorder has an effect on integrally regulating the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, the sex gland and the adrenocortical function to improve or treat the sexual disorder, and simultaneously has selective specificity on different 5-HT receptors, i.e., the substance can selectively excite the 5-HT1 receptor, but has no excitation on the 5-HT2 receptor and the 5-HT3 receptor. The morinda officinalis extract can be used as a medicament and / or food for treating or assisting to improve the sexual disorder.

The invention provides novel non-peptidic NPY Y2 receptor inhibitors useful in treating or preventing: anxiolytic disorders or depression; injured mammalian nerve tissue; conditions responsive to treatment through administration of a neurotrophic factor; neurological disorders; bone loss; substance related disorders; sleep / wake disorders; cardiovascular disease; obesity; or an obesity-related disorder. Compounds of the invention are also useful in modulating endocrine functions, particularly endocrine functions controlled by the pituitary and hypothalamic glands, and are therefore useful in the treatment or prevention of inovulation and infertility.

The invention discloses a brain nucleus Granger causal analysis method based on obesity model Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). The method comprises steps of obtaining functional magnetic resonance data through a resting state scanning method, and preprocessing data, wherein the processing comprises steps of time correction, head movement aligning, space standardization and spatial smoothing; conducting Amplitude Of Low Frequency Fluctuation (ALFF) analysis for preprocessed data, and defining regions of interest in accordance with a brain difference region of a PWS patient and a normal control group; and conducting the Granger causal analysis, selecting two regions from regions of interest, extracting time sequences of two regions, calculating the Granger causal value between two regions through a two-phase autoregression module, and conducting normalization for the Granger causal value. By the aid of the method, the abnormal drive action of amygdaloid nucleus on hypothalamus is found, the energy balance of the hypothalamus is damaged, the PWS patient overeats and is fat, the target spot is found for the clinical treatment, the iconography evidence is provided and the good research result is obtained.

The invention discloses a composition for regulating the sub-health status of the crowd suffering from lipodystrophy. The composition mainly has the effects of reducing the expression of the hypothalamic neuropeptide gamma by influencing human leptin, improving the energy metabolism efficiency, increasing the energy consumption and inhibiting fat synthesis. The other components with fat decomposing effects are combined, so that the metabolism of human adipose tissues is promoted, and the intracellular oxidative phosphorylation effect and synthesis of cell endogenous cholesterol are inhibited. The composition can be used for achieving the effects of effectively infiltrating into the human skin, inhibiting the activity of lipase and reducing the synthesis of fat. By combining the traditional Chinese medicine naprapathy, the absorption and intracellular transport of the composition can be further promoted, the metabolism is promoted, the triglyceride in the fat is decomposed, the excretion of steroid and gallic acid is increased, the excretion of cholesterol and other metabolites can be accelerated, a local shaping effect is achieved, and the contents of glycerin and cholesterol in serum are reduced in an assisted mode. The pharmacological action of the cardiovascular system is improved, and the blood circulation is improved.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating hypomenorrhea. The traditional Chinese medicine composition consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cuscuta chinensis, 15 parts of barbary wolfberry fruit, 9 parts of mistletoe, 15 parts of himalayan teasel root, 12 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 15 parts of prepared fleece flower root, 12 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 15 parts of semen coicis, 12 parts of rehmannia glutinosa, 12 parts of Chinese angelica, 9 parts of white paeony root, 12 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 12 parts of radix bupleuri, 9 parts of red paeony root, 20 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 15 parts of caulis spatholobi, 15 parts of achyranthes bidentata amd 6 parts of prepared liquorice root. The traditional Chinese medicine has the basic effects of tonifying the kidney and replenishing essence and has the effects of relieving liver for smooth Qi and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis; and modern pharmacological studies prove that the reproductive axis of hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary-uterus can be adjusted through the medicine, ovulation and luteal development are promoted, the ovary microcirculation is improved, and the medicine has the obvious effect of treating hypomenorrhea.

Several 19-nor-pregnanes are provided which have the capacity to neurochemically alter the hypothalamic function in an individual through nasal administration. These pharmaceutically active compounds can be administered by themselves or in the form of a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers to produce the desired effect.

The present invention provides a method of promoting weight loss, or treating or preventing a body disorder related to excess weight, in a subject. The method comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a creatine uptake inhibitor. Administration of the creatine uptake inhibitor is intracranial or directed to the hypothalamus. The invention further provides a method of screening for a novel compound that inhibits creatine uptake in the hypothalamus.

The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of depression prepared by raw materials of paeoniflorin and albiflorin. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition. The experiments prove that the pharmaceutical composition of the invention can obviously reduce the suspension tail immovability time of the mouse to be tested, from which the antidepressant function of the composition in the experiment can be inferred; the pharmaceutical composition of the invention can obviously withstand the temperature reduction of the mouse caused by the reserpine, from which the relevance of the antidepressan mechanism of the composition and the regulation of the monoamine transmitters can be inferred; and the pharmaceutical composition of the invention can significantly reduce the amounts of horizontal movement and vertical movement of the model rat, reduce the electric shock times in the training period and testing period of step down passive avoidance test, significantly reduce the CRH secretion of hypothalamus and ACTH secretion of hypophysis, and significantly reduce the CORT content in the blood, from which the antidepressant function of the pharmaceutical composition and one of the mechanisms of excessive hyperfunction suppression of HPA axis can be inferred.

The invention relates to a medicine component used for curing or lightening melancholia or a neurodegeneration disease. The medicine component used for curing or lightening the melancholia or the neurodegeneration disease comprises at least one type of Chinese herbal medicine which is chosen from a group which is composed of ortex phellodendri, radix scutellariae, rhizoma chuanxiong,astragalus, eucommia, Saposhnikovia divaricata and rhizoma corydalis, and the Chinese herbal medicine in the group is capable of promoting rebirth of a neural stem cell and adjusting hypothalamus-infracerebral gland-adrenal gland axis or antiapoptosis. The invention further provides a purpose used for manufacturing the medicine component used for curing or lightening the melancholia or the neurodegeneration disease. The purpose used for manufacturing the medicine component used for curing or lightening melancholia or the neurodegeneration disease comprises at least one type of the Chinese herbal medicine which is capable of promoting rebirth of the neural stem cell and adjusting the hypothalamus-infracerebral gland-adrenal gland axis or the antiapoptosis.

Compounds that promote growth hormone releasing activity are disclosed. These compounds have the formula:A1-A2-X; A1′-X′; or A1′-YThese compounds can be present in a pharmaceutical composition. The compounds can be used with a second compound that acts as an agonist at the growth hormone releasing hormone receptor or which inhibits the effects of somatostatin. These compounds can be used for a variety of uses such as treating hypothalamic pituitary dwarfism, osteoporosis, burns, or promoting wound healing.