The invention discloses a children cognitive system based on augment reality technology and a cognitive method. The children cognitive system based on the augment reality technology comprises an image information input module, an image information matching module, a drawing model module and a voice recognition module. A set of recognition identifications are developed through interfaces of an ARToolkit augment reality development kit, a Microsoft Speech SDK voice recognition engine, a 3D max modeling tool and the like, and a children cognitive platform performs simple interaction with a virtual scene in a computer through voice recognition. Operations like moving, amplifying and contracting a model are achieved through OpenGL image processing technology and 3D modeling technology. The children cognitive system based on augment reality technology and the cognitive method have the advantages of being short in development cycle, good in maintenance, good in portability and easy to modify. In addition, a user can use the cognitive system based on augment reality technology and the cognitive method to write a literary handbook, good learning effect is achieved, and the cognitive platform which is strong in interaction is provided for a child to use an augment reality application system.