The invention relates to an Internet of Vehicles node data security communication method based on a block chain, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a whole network into honeycomb regions with the same size, designing an Internet of Vehicles alliance chain and an inter-region public chain in units of regions, guaranteeing the data traceability, and improving the data consensus efficiency;in the vehicle data communication process, mutual trust between nodes is guaranteed through vehicle identity authentication, data is divided into common data and emergency data according to differenturgency of the data, the common data are communicated in areas, the emergency data is communicated among multiple areas, different data classifications adopt different block structures, and the dataconsensus efficiency is improved; and meanwhile, the motion condition of the Internet of Vehicles node is also considered, and an improved practical Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus method is adopted to realize data security communication of the Internet of Vehicles node, so that the data security risk caused by centralized data storage can be resisted. The consensus speed is high, data securityand information privacy can be protected, the data storage space is reduced, and the communication efficiency is high.