The invention relates to a user identity real-name authentication method of an electronic payment system, belongs to the technical field of network information security, and solves the problem that real-name authentication is unsafe and unreliable in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps that an electronic payment system sends a real-name authentication request to a third-party supervision system; After receiving the real-name authentication request, the third-party supervision system acquires network operator information and a network user name of the electronic payment system, acquires user real-name identity information and transmits the user real-name identity information to the infrastructure platform; The infrastructure platform verifies the real-name identity information; If the verification result is true, performing encryption mapping on the network operator information, the network user name and the real-name identity information, generating a network identity certificate, transmitting the network identity certificate to a third-party supervision system, and sending real-name authentication confirmation information to an electronic payment system; Otherwise, the real-name authentication is terminated. According to the method, a third-party supervision system is combined with a network identity certificate, so that the privacy of a user is protected,and the person and the certificate are the same.