The invention discloses assembly equipment of a wooden box and an assembly method of the wooden box. The wooden box comprises a front plate, a back plate, side plates, a top plate, a bottom plate and battens, wherein the front plate is located on the front side of the wooden box, the back plate is located on the back side of the wooden box, the side plates are located on the left and right sides of the wooden box, the top plate is located on the top of the wooden box, the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the wooden box, the back plate, the side plates on both sides and the top plate are all formed in a way that a plurality of panels are spliced, and the battens are respectively arranged on the back plate, the side plates on the both sides and the top plate. The assembly equipment comprises a jig, a vacuumizing device and a nailing device, wherein the jig is supported on the ground, and the nailing device can move around the jig. When the wooden box is assembled, the back plate, the side plates on the both sides and the top plate are respectively adsorbed to corresponding positions of the jig by the vacuumizing device, and the back plate, the side plates on the both sides, the top plate and the battens are nailed by the nailing device so as to be assembled. The assembly equipment of the wooden box has the advantage of simple structure, all of nailing operations can be completed only by one person in the whole nailing process, so that manpower can be saved, the labor intensity of workers and the human cost are reduced, and additionally, the nailing efficiency and the nailing quality can be increased.