The invention relates to an image median filtering method based on an incomplete rapid sorting algorithm. The image median filtering method includes the following specific steps that according to a row-major sequence or a line-major sequence, all pixels of an image are scanned and all pixels in a certain neighbourhood of a target pixel of the image are obtained; an element in the sequence is randomly selected as a pivot point, assuming that the position of the pivot point after one-time scanning processing is changed to be m, all the elements which are in an image pixel sequence and are smaller than the pivot point value are moved to be in front of the pivot point and all the elements which are in the image pixel sequence and are larger than the pivot point value are moved to be in rear of the pivot point, and an original sequence is divided into two parts; the position of the pivot point is judged after rapid sorting, if the position of the pivot point is just the middle position of the sequence, a k value is obtained, the K value is used for replacing the value of the image target pixel, and the process is terminated; otherwise, according to the size relation between m and k, a proper subsequence is chosen to repeat the process. According to the image median filtering method based on the incomplete rapid sorting algorithm, a large amount of data sorting and time-consuming data moving operation is reduced and the processing speed is greatly improved when the processing precision is ensured.