The invention discloses an apparatus for studying a sliding bearing under different working conditions. The apparatus mainly comprises a main shaft, a motor, a motor base, a shaft coupling, an antifriction bearing supporting device, a sleeve, a bearing bush, a positioning disc, a thermal imager, a fuel tank, a pedestal and a computer. When researches are carried out under different working conditions, the sleeve can be dismounted and subjected to damages to different degrees. The installation is simple and time can be saved. Furtherly, the apparatus utilizes the thermal imager which can be connected with a computer so as to convert temperature signals into a temperature distribution image. The temperature distribution and temperature changes of an oil film of the bearing bush can be observed on a display. The static behaviors of the sliding bearing can be studied according to the temperature changes and distribution under different working conditions. The apparatus designed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to assemble. The apparatus substantially reduces experiment costs, lowers an experiment difficulty degree and is suitable for popularization and application.