The invention discloses a preparation method for a tin-doped mesoporous silica smoke suppressant, comprising the following steps of: doping an active component, namely, tin, in the framework of mesoporous silica via a hydrothermal isomorphous substitution method, roasting, and then obtaining the tin-doped mesoporous silica smoke suppressant. The smoke suppressant has a high specific surface area, and an adsorption effect on the smoke toxic gas released during a flame-retardant process; simultaneously, the active components, namely, tin atoms, of the smoke suppressant are located in the framework of mesoporous silica, and have a catalytic conversion effect on the smoke toxic gas released during the flame-retardant process; additionally, the tin-doped mesoporous silica is good in heat stability, capable of protecting a carbon layer to be stable, and good in synergistic flame-retardant effect. The tin-doped mesoporous silica smoke suppressant can be widely applied to flame retardance, smoke suppression and toxicity reduction for the materials of wood, high-molecular materials, paper, braided fabrics, and the like in case of being compounded with phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants.