338results about "Combustion measurements" patented technology

In one embodiment, a combustor (28) for a gas turbine engine is provided comprising a primary combustion chamber (30) for combusting a first fuel to form a combustion flow stream (50) and a transition piece (32) located downstream from the primary combustion chamber (30). The transition piece (32) comprises a plurality of injectors (66) located around a circumference of the transition piece (32) for injecting a second fuel into the combustion flow stream (50). The injectors (66) are effective to create a radial temperature profile (74) at an exit (58) of the transition piece (32) having a reduced coefficient of variation relative to a radial temperature profile (64) at an inlet (54) of the transition piece (32). Methods for controlling the temperature profile of a secondary injection are also provided.

A furnace control system for controlling a gas-fired induced-draft furnace having a variable speed inducer blower. A control apparatus, responsive to a signal corresponding to the magnitude of a pressure difference between an inlet and outlet of the combustion chamber, controls blower motor speed to maintain the pressure difference at a predetermined magnitude corresponding to a selected gas flow rate. Inducer blower motor speed is varied directly and precisely to maintain an optimal pressure drop across the combustion chamber. The control system can be used in multi-stage and modulating furnace systems and in furnace systems utilizing pressure-assist modulating gas valves.

Systems and method for controlling the flow of air through a mechanical draft system are disclosed herein. A pressure controller for controlling air pressure comprises an appliance controller configured to control the operation of a plurality of appliances, an intake fan controller configured to control the speed of an intake fan, and an exhaust fan controller configured to control the speed of an exhaust fan. The pressure controller also includes a processor configured to receive a differential pressure signal and to control the operation of the appliances, the speed of the intake fan, and the speed of the exhaust fan in response to the differential pressure signal.

The system for active regulation of the air/gas ratio of a burner comprises one or two differential pressure measuring systems each of which has a differential pressure sensor with two inlet orifices. The orifices are respectively connected to pressure ports in one of which there is a calibrated throttling orifice. The regulator system comprises a 2-channel valve which, when closed, isolates the two inlet orifices from each other, and, when open, connects them to each other. A measurement circuit is provided and has memory means for storing at least two values of the output signal of the sensors, a control unit for switching the valve and controlling the storage of a first value of an output signal of the sensor in the memory means when the valve is closed and the storage of a second value of the output signal of the sensor when the valve is open, and subtractor means for calculating the difference between the two stored values of the output signal of the sensor and thereby eliminating any drift. In a preferred variant, the regulator system includes only one differential pressure measuring system.

Fan assemblies, mechanical draft systems and methods are provided. In this regard, a representative mechanical draft system for use with multiple appliances includes: a chimney operative to direct combustion products from multiple appliances; a chimney fan operative to draw combustion products from the chimney; and a controller operative to adjust an operating speed of the chimney fan such that, responsive to a change in pressure in the chimney, the controller adjusts the operating speed of the chimney fan to maintain a desired pressure in the chimney.

An intelligently controlled catalytic converter automatically monitors various operating parameters, such as water jacket temperature, catalytic input temperature, catalytic converter output temperature, oxygen level, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and/or ambient barometric air pressure, of a biofuel-fired device and automatically controls dampers, blowers and electric heaters in the device.

A fluid heat exchange system with a fluid flow circuit having a heat exchange fluid flow loop, a heat absorption component (as in a domestic hot water tank inclusive of small commercial use tanks as in tanks of 20 to 120 gallons), a heat exchanger and preferably also a pump. A controlled and automated fuel supply source based heater (as in a pellet stove) is in heat passage communication with the said heat exchanger. A control unit triggers activation of the pump upon fluid in the heat absorption component reaching or dropping below a preset temperature, and the fluid flow circuit is arranged such that, during times of non-activation of the pump, fluid is free to flow in a unidirectional flow within the fluid circuit based on thermodynamic temperature differentials alone. A retrofitting of a domestic hot water tank is also featured preferably making use of preexisting drain and safety vent porting for in-feed and out-feed porting in the exchange loop side. Also, the flow circuit preferably is free of check valves and steam accommodation equipment.

A heating or cooling system, such as an HVAC system, of variable output has a number of control elements and may include a variable speed compressor, a variable speed combustion (induced or forced draft) blower motor; a variable speed circulator blower motor; a variable output gas valve or gas/air premix unit; and a controller specifically developed for variable output applications. The system may utilize a pressure sensor to determine the actual flow of combustion airflow in response to actual space conditions, vary the speed of the inducer blower, and subsequently vary the gas valve output to supply the correct amount of gas to the burner system. A temperature sensor may be located in the discharge air stream of the conditioned air to provide an input signal for the circulator blower.

Various smoke and combustible gas combustors (200, 300) are disclosed, and also disclosed are systems (100, 200) combining gas combustor with inventive burner. Such a burner (100 or 100') provides combustion of a particulate fuel such as sawdust, and many types of varying moisture content biomass fuels such as poultry litter. The combustors and burners exhibit a high turndown ratio ["TDR"].The smoke or combustible gas combustors (200, 300) are combined synergistically with such a burner (100, 100'), or combined with another suitable burner, so as to provide high temperature burner output gases to the combustor, which has coaxial inner and outer combustion chambers (352, 356) inlet tuyere(s) connected to the inner combustion chamber for introducing combustible smoke or other gases to be burned into the inner combustion chamber at one end thereof with cyclonic flow, and in which combustion air is mixed with combustible smoke or other gases to form a gas stream moving through the inner combustion chamber with cyclonic movement. A preheat tube (331) within the combustible gas heating chamber receives heated exhaust gases from the burner, and communicates with the inner combustion chamber exit through a plurality of apertures (364) for controlled flow of said heated exhaust gases into the gas stream and so heating same by mixing the exhaust gases with the stream of air and combustible gases.

A system for controlling temperature in an enclosure operates in a low heat or a high heat mode with flame always present. The presently intended use is for providing a cooking grill with a controlled temperature cooking space. An electrically controlled valve having high flow rate and low flow rate settings is interposed in the fuel line for at least one of the burners in the grill. A temperature sensor signals cooking space temperature to a controller that may be a microprocessor. The system includes a keyboard allowing the user to communicate a selected set point to the microprocessor and the microprocessor communicates status to a display. The microprocessor selects the setting of the electrically controlled valve. In a preferred embodiment, the electrically controlled valve is placed in series fuel flow with one of the manually adjustable valves commonly found on cooking grills.

The present invention generally relates to processes for production of ethanol from cellulosic biomass. The present invention also relates to production of various co-products of preparation of ethanol from cellulosic biomass. The present invention further relates to improvements in one or more aspects of preparation of ethanol from cellulosic biomass including, for example, improved methods for cleaning biomass feedstocks, improved acid impregnation, and improved steam treatment, or “steam explosion.”

A combustion control system for a turbine engine is disclosed. The combustion control system includes a fuel injector having a main fuel supply and pilot fuel supply coupled to a combustor of the turbine engine. The combustion control system also includes a sensor coupled to a transfer tube. The transfer tube is fluidly coupled to the combustor, and the sensor is configured to detect a pressure pulse in the combustor. A semi-infinite coil is also coupled to the transfer tube. The combustion control system also includes a controller electrically connected to the sensor. The controller is configured to compare an amplitude of the pressure pulse within a frequency range to a threshold amplitude, and adjust the pilot fuel supply in response to the comparison.

An air inlet damper apparatus for minimizing the entrance of outside air into a poultry house when the ventilation exhaust fans are running and the radiant tube heater is not operating. The apparatus has a housing with a passage and a coupling flange; a pin that spans the passage and divides the apparatus into a low pressure side and an outside high pressure side, where the low pressure side is in fluid communication with a blower supplying combustion air to the tube heater; a damper blade connected to the pin; a stop; and a means for controlling the damper blade. The controlling means is responsive to pressure. The damper blade pivotally opens away from the stop when there is a static pressure differential that is higher than the negative pressure created by the ventilation exhaust fans, or when the controlling means electromechanically actuates the damper blade.

The present invention comprises systems and methods for detecting flame blowout precursors in combustors. The blowout precursor detection system comprises a combustor, a pressure measuring device, and blowout precursor detection unit. A combustion controller may also be used to control combustor parameters. The methods of the present invention comprise receiving pressure data measured by an acoustic pressure measuring device, performing one or a combination of spectral analysis, statistical analysis, and wavelet analysis on received pressure data, and determining the existence of a blowout precursor based on such analyses. The spectral analysis, statistical analysis, and wavelet analysis further comprise their respective sub-methods to determine the existence of blowout precursors.

In a fluid leakage detection apparatus, hydrogen is supplied from a hydrogen tank to an FC stack of a fuel cell via first and second pipes. An inlet valve is provided between the hydrogen tank and the first pipe, and an outlet valve is provided between the first pipe and the second pipe. A controller serves to control valve opening a valve closing operation of the inlet and outlet valves, respectively. Those valves are closed in a state where the pressure within the hydrogen tank is made lower than the pressure within the first pipe, and the pressure within the second pipe is made lower than the pressure within the first pipe by operating those valves. Thereafter, the increase or decrease in the pressure within the first pipe is detected by a pressure gauge such that the leakage in the inlet valve or the outlet valve is determined. This makes it possible to detect the leakage both in the inlet valve and the outlet valve at the same time.