The invention provides a method and a device for monitoring longitudinal dynamic performance of a heavy-load freight
train, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out
time synchronization based on global navigation
satellite system time and a
network time protocol, and collecting signals of a
force transducer, a
vibration acceleration and a displacement sensor on a coupler; acquiring coupler longitudinal force,
longitudinal vibration acceleration, coupler longitudinal displacement and coupler transverse displacement data of multiple sections of the heavy-load freight
train on the basis of signals of the
force transducer, the
vibration acceleration and the displacement sensor; obtaining a transverse component force based on the coupler longitudinal force, the coupler transverse displacement and the coupler deflection
radius; obtaining unit displacement longitudinal force based on the coupler longitudinal force and the coupler longitudinal displacement; by means of time
synchronism, the distribution condition of the maximum value of coupler longitudinal force,
longitudinal vibration acceleration, transverse component force and unit displacement longitudinal force of each section in the time period from
pressure reduction to
recovery of the
truck pipe pressure is analyzed; and judging whether the longitudinal dynamic performance of the heavy-load freight
train is normal or not according to the distribution condition.