The invention relates to a method for producing a security element for a security document, comprising the following steps: providing a hologram layer (6); producing a hologram in the hologram layer (6), wherein light is shone onto the hologram layer (6) and the produced hologram is visible when viewing the hologram layer (6) at a certain angle; and creating defects (9) in the hologram, wherein the hologram in the hologram layer (6) is locally disrupted by shining pulsed light beams onto it and the defects (9) are visible when viewing the hologram layer (6) at a certain angle. Furthermore, a method for producing a security document with a security element, a method for personalizing a security document, an ID document, and a security element for a security document are provided.