The invention discloses a
urea backmixing and
pyrolysis apparatus applicable to a SCR denitration
system and a
pyrolysis method. The apparatus comprises a
tower body; the
tower body is provided with, from top to bottom, a
combustion-supporting wind pipeline, an inlet variable-
diameter section, a pyrolytic reaction section, an outlet variable-
diameter section and an outlet pipeline; the pyrolytic reaction section is provided with a spray gun layer, a compensation wind pipeline layer and a gas flow equalizing plate from top to bottom; the number of the spray gun layer is at least one; and the spray gun layer is provided with a plurality of spray guns used for spraying an atomized
urea solution, the plurality of spray guns are uniformly and radially distributed on the
tower wall of the pyrolytic reaction section, and the spraying direction of each of the spray guns downwardly extending along the axial direction of the pyrolytic reaction section. According to the invention, the
urea solution is mixed with
combustion-supporting wind for primary
pyrolysis and then with compensation wind for secondary pyrolysis, so the mixing degree of the urea solution and hot gas is promoted and generation of urea deposit and
crystal is prevented; thus, the
decomposition efficiency of the urea solution is improved.