The invention discloses an ashtray capable of preventing children from eating cigarette ash and cigarette butts by mistake. The ashtray includes an ashtray base, and a seal cover plate is arranged onthe ashtray base and is connected with a limit structure in a matched and clamped mode; the limit structure includes a clamp bar, a rack, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first rotation shaft, a second rotation shaft and a handle, the clamp bar is slidably connected with a cavity, the rack is matched with the first bevel gear which meshes with the second bevel gear, the first rotation shaft is rotationally arranged on the cavity, the first bevel gear is rotationally connected with the first rotation shaft, the second rotation shaft is fixed to the second bevel gear, and a clamp holeis formed in the second rotation shaft; grooves are formed in the seal cover plate, baffles are arranged in the grooves, first magnets are arranged on the baffles, a second magnet is arranged on the inner wall of the first groove, and a push rod is hinged to a pull ring. According to the ashtray capable of preventing children from eating the cigarette ash and the cigarette butts by mistake, through multiple open structures, cooperation of the structures is needed to open the ashtray, so that the cleaning problem caused by the ashtray opened by children is prevented, and potential safety and health hazards caused by the cigarette butts and the cigarette ash which are eaten by children by mistake are avoided.