278results about How to "Diffusion is fast" patented technology

An electrode includes a substrate having a carbon nanostructure (CNS) disposed thereon and a coating including an active material conformally disposed about the carbon nanostructure and the substrate. The electrode is used in a hybrid capacitor-battery having a bifunctional electrolyte capable of energy storage.

An activated carbon material derived, for example, by carbonizing and activating a non-lignocellulosic carbon precursor has a structural order ratio less than or equal to 0.08, and a nitrogen content greater than 0.2 wt. %. The activated carbon material can also have a volumetric capacitance greater than or equal to 70 F/cm³, an area-specific resistance less than or equal to 0.1 ohm-cm² and/or a specific surface area greater than 300 m²/g, and is suitable to form improved carbon-based electrodes for use in high energy density devices.

The invention relates to an encryption method for network and information security; the adopted packet length and key length are 128 bits, and a 128-bit system parameter is added; encryption algorithm comprises a plurality of rounds of round transform iteration consisting of mixed layers and diffusion layers, wherein the last round is incomplete round transformation, and the incomplete round transformation consists of the mixed layer; the mixed layer comprises key plus, S box portfolio transform and system parameter minus; the S box portfolio transform comprises 8-input 8-output reversible S box transform and inverse S box transform in the same number which are output by parity exchange; the diffusion layer can construct linear transformation with a reversible re-model polynomial matrix; an encryption round key is generated by an encryption key through encryption round transformation; and decryption algorithm is the inverse transformation of encryption algorithm. The encryption methodfor network and information security has the advantages of high diffusion speed, good security strength, hardware resource saving, and very high speed when being realized by hardware and on a software platform.

The invention provides a double-nozzle gas/liquid dual-fuel in-cylinder direct injection internal combustion engine and a control method, and belongs to the field of internal combustion engine control. According to the system, on the basis of still using an ignition type internal combustion engine body, a double-nozzle gas/liquid dual-fuel ignition type internal combustion engine in-cylinder direct injection device and a fuel injection and ignition electronic control unit are additionally arranged, and the double-nozzle gas/liquid dual-fuel ignition type internal combustion engine in-cylinder direct injection device comprises a gas fuel flow sensor, a gas fuel control valve, a gas fuel pressure stabilizer, a liquid fuel flow sensor, a liquid fuel control valve and the like. The fuel injection and ignition electronic control unit adjusts injection time and injection pulse width of a gas fuel nozzle and a liquid fuel nozzle, and therefore in-cylinder injection of gas/liquid dual fuels in any ratio is achieved; the injection mass ratio of the gas/liquid dual fuels is adjusted in real time according to working conditions, and therefore the starting speed and accelerating response speed of the internal combustion engine are increased, and fuel consumption and pollutant emission are reduced; and the heat dissipation and lubrication problems caused by long-time use of the internal combustion engine are relieved by decreasing the using frequency of the gas-fuel high pressure nozzle.

The invention discloses a dechlorination agent and a preparation method thereof. The dechlorination agent is prepared from the following materials: 15-70wt% of carrier, 15-60wt% of active components, 1-10wt% of a pore-forming agent, 1-5wt% of an extrusion aid and 2-10wt% of a binder, wherein the carrier is at least one of weak acid salt, kaolin, pseudo-boehmite or Al2O3. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the materials, adding water, mixing, kneading, extruding, drying and calcining. The dechlorination agent has the advantages of high adsorption efficiency against high-concentration or low-concentration HCl at normal temperature, high dechlorination precision, high chlorine content of above 30% and a certain adsorption effect against organic chlorides; chemical reaction adsorption is adopted for adsorption against HCl, the adsorption is performed at normal temperature and normal pressure, energy consumption is not required, and the absorbed HCl and the active component in the dechlorination agent perform reaction to form a stable chemical substance to exist in an adsorber bed layer; and the dechlorination agent further has the advantages of low toxicity, high stability, easiness in filling and unloading, and no secondary pollution.

An electrical connecting element for connecting a first substrate and a second substrate and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The method of the present invention comprises: (A) providing a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein a first copper film is formed on the first substrate, a first metal film is formed on the second substrate, a first connecting surface of the first copper film has a (111)-containing surface, and the first metal film has a second connecting surface; and (B) connecting the first copper film and the first metal film to form an interconnect, wherein the first connecting surface of the first copper film is faced to the second connecting surface of the first metal film.

Disclosed is an alginate hard capsule disintegrable at different positions in gastrointestinal tract. Processing steps include preparing glue solution, glue solution dipping, solidifying, drying, drawing out, cutting, fastening, optical testing and sterilizing of glue solution and capsule filling. The glue solution is prepared by dissolving univalent alginate, plasticizer and pore former in water, wherein the pore former is a polymer film-forming material, glycerin and sorbitol serve as the plasticizer; the solidifying is that dipped gel solution is made into alginate gel capsule by means of ionic cross-linking or acidulating, wherein solidifying solution is multivalent metal ion water solution or acid solution; and finally active ingredients and disintegrating accelerator are filled in hard capsule shells to obtain finished products, wherein the disintegrating accelerator is a substance which can be in precipitation reaction or complexation with multivalent metal ions. The alginate hard capsule is widely applied to different disintegrating environments in the gastrointestinal tract and disintegrable in vivo at different speeds to release the active ingredients and has the advantages of high hydrothermal stability, simple preparation method and low cost.

The present invention is process of preparing citicoline sodium. The preparation process includes the biotransformation of material including 5'-cytidylate, phosphorylcholine, potassium hydroxide and glucose with yeast as the biocatalyst; extraction and separation with active carbon as the adsorbing carrier, Cl- type ion exchange resin as the separating carrier and re-compounded water-alcohol mixture as the analyzing reagent; and product purification with alcohol solvent as the crystallizing solvent. Compared with available technology, the present invention has the advantages of high product yield and high product purity.

The invention relates to a method for reinforcing a soft soil foundation by using a calescence type vacuum preloading way. The method comprises the steps of: introducing a foundation heating system on the basis of a regular vacuum preloading way; and keeping an under-film vacuum pressure and a temperature of shallow-layer soft soil in a reinforcing region respectively above 80 kPa and 62 DEG C within a period of time of a reinforcing period so as to rapidly vaporize pore water of foundation soil and pump the vaporized pore water by vacuum extraction equipment to cause sedimentation of the foundation. Compared with the prior art, the method for reinforcing the soft soil foundation by using the calescence type vacuum preloading way has the advantages of shorting the construction period, improving reinforcing effects, reducing settlement after the construction, increasing the bearing capacity of foundation soil and the like.

The invention discloses a processing method of multifunctional double-side bicolor knitted fabric. The processing method includes steps of preparing gray fabric, pre-treating, dyeing, dewatering, sectioning, shaping, inspecting and packaging. By adopting two different kinds of functional fabric and a double-side knitting method, the fabric has four functions of being hygroscopic and sweat releasing, antibiosis, static prevention and pilling resistance integrated and is durable. By adopting low-temperature disperse dye and cationic dye-one-bathing-one-stage method, dyeing temperature is lowered, sewage discharge is reduced, and influence on nano-silver fiber antibiosis performance by high temperature is prevented. Cationic modification polyester is adopted on the front side, and the fabric is bright in color, soft in hand feeling, good in hygroscopic performance and conductivity and pilling resistance and overcomes the defect of poor wearability of common polyester. Nano-silver hygroscopic and sweat-releasing profile polyester fibers are adopted on the back side, so the close-fitting side of the fabric is hygroscopic and sweat-releasing, anti-microbial and odor resistant, and clothes manufactured by the fabric are healthy, environment friendly and comfortable and have the double-side bicolor effect.

The invention discloses a preparation method and a preparation device of a nickel-cobalt-aluminum anode material precursor. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing a nickel-cobalt-aluminum mixed salt solution containing a complexing agent and a strong base solution containing ammonia water; combining the nickel-cobalt-aluminum mixed salt solution with the strong base solution at a uniform flowing speed and synchronously filling into a reaction kettle with a base solution for co-precipitation reaction; after the nickel-cobalt-aluminum mixed salt solution is filled, stopping adding the strong base solution, and after the reaction is completed, aging the slurry, and further performing liquid-solid separation, thereby obtaining the nickel-cobalt-aluminum anode material precursor. According to the preparation method and the device, the complexing agent is directly added into an aluminum solution, and the complexing agent is complexed with aluminum ions before the co-precipitation reaction, so that aluminum can be prevented from nucleating and precipitating immediately after entering the reaction system; meanwhile, a mixed salt solution is prepared from nickel, cobalt and aluminum together, so that the ratio of nickel and cobalt to aluminum in the formed precursor is accordant with that of an expected nickel-cobalt-lithium aluminate material at any moment, nickel, cobalt and aluminum can be subjected to uniform co-precipitation reaction, and the nickel-cobalt-aluminum anode material precursor of which indexes such as the morphology, the granularity and the density are all higher than those of similar products can be prepared.

The invention relates to a deep softening method of thick oil sewage, which comprises the following steps: preterating thick oil sewage to remove impurities in the thick oil sewage, and carrying out preliminary softening treatment with a macroporous weak acid resin until the pH value of the thick oil sewage reaches 7-9 and the temperature reaches 57-80 DEG C; passing the pretreated thick oil sewage through an adsorption tower or adsorption column filled with a chelating resin at the flow rate of 20-30 BV/h to carry out adsorption treatment; and when the adsorption reaches the leakage point, obtaining the thick oil sewage subjected to deep softening. The method provided by the invention is a treatment process capable of efficiently softening thick oil sewage according to the water quality characteristic of the thick oil sewage; and the method provided by the invention can still be used repeatedly in a thermal recovery boiler without generating scales after saving the silicon removal system.

The invention discloses a phosphorus doping silicon wafer, a manufacturing method of the phosphorus doping silicon wafer, a solar cell and a manufacturing method of the solar cell. The manufacturing method of the phosphorus doping silicon wafer includes the steps of warming of a silicon wafer to be doped, prepurification, phosphorus deposition and diffusion and cooling. In the phosphorus deposition and diffusion step, POC13 is used as a phosphorous source and reacts with O2 for step-by-step deposition diffusion, and in the step-by-step deposition and diffusion step, the volume ratio of POC13 to O2 is decreased progressively. By the adoption of the step-by-step deposition diffusion process, the diffusion speed is high in the initial stage, phosphorus on the surface of the silicon wafer diffused into the interior of a substrate of the silicon wafer, the concentration of phosphorus on the surface of the silicon wafer is gradually reduced, in the follow-up process, the amount of phosphorus deposited on the surface of the substrate of the silicon wafer is reduced along with reduction of the concentration of the phosphorous source, and the concentration of phosphorus distributed on the surface and the interior of the substrate of the silicon wafer is larger than the impurity concentration gradient under the condition that the phosphorous source POC13 with large concentration is continuously supplemented in the current deposition and diffusion process. Good electric parameters are acquired, and conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.

The invention relates to the field of secondary batteries, in particular to a diaphragm, a method for preparing the diaphragm and a secondary battery comprising the diaphragm. The diaphragm comprises a base material and a modification layer arranged on the surface of the base material, wherein the modification layer contains amphiphilic polymers which are at least one of polyvinyl butyral, amphiphilic segmented copolymer and polyolefin with a functional end group, and the functional end group at least contains a hydrophilic group. The diaphragm has high electrolyte loving property and water loving property, so that the diffusion rate of electrolyte in a prepared lithium ion battery is high, infiltration time is shortened, and the charge-discharge rate of the battery is increased; besides, the standing time of a naked battery cell after injection can be shortened, and then efficiency is improved and cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for controlling battery heating in a charging mode. A charging system is employed and comprises a charger, a battery management system and a heater, wherein the charger comprises a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected with a charged battery by a charge relay; and the second output end is connected with the heater by a heating relay. According to the method, a specific temperature value is set; when the mean temperature of the battery is in different temperature intervals, the charger changes working states flexibly, so that the battery is charged only under the conditions of the appropriate temperature and the stable state; the heating is required to be controlled at the too low temperature; and the battery is charged after cooled for a period of time at the excess temperature. The strong conductivity of the battery can be maintained, the ionic diffusion speed is high, so that the damage to the battery caused by charging at the low temperature is reduced, and the influence on the battery charging when the state of the battery is unstable can be avoided.

Primary and secondary Li-ion and lithium-metal based electrochemical cell system. The suppression of gas generation is achieved through the addition of an additive or additives to the electrolyte system of respective cell, or to the cell itself whether it be a liquid, a solid- or plastized polymer electrolyte system. The gas suppression additives are primarily based on unsaturated hydrocarbons.

The invention discloses a hard carbon-metal oxide-soft carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, performing a hydrothermal method on hydrocarbon in a reaction kettle to prepare a hard carbon precursor; secondly, pre-coating the hard carbon precursor and a titanium salt, placing asphalt in a muffle furnace for low-temperature pyrolysis reaction to obtain a soft carbon precursor; and finally, fully mixing the pre-coated hard carbon precursor and the soft carbon precursor, and performing high-temperature pyrolysis reaction under protection of an inert gas to obtain the product, wherein the product is the hard carbon-metal oxide-soft carbon composite material. The material can be used as a negative active material of a sodium ion battery. The preparation method is wide in raw material source and low in cost, and the prepared hard carbon-metal oxide-soft carbon composite material has the advantages of large reversible capacity, high initial charge-discharge coulombic efficiency, good cycle property and the like in the sodium ion battery.

The invention discloses a method for making coal ash into faujasite through microwave alkali fusion-hydro-thermal synthesis. Solid waste of coal ash is used as raw materials; sodium hydroxide is used as an activating agent; the microwave alkali fusion-hydro-thermal synthesis is used for making the faujasite. The method comprises the following steps of (1) grinding the coal ash into -75mum; removing iron impurities in the coal ash by hydrochloric acid; (2) uniformly mixing the coal ash subjected to iron removal with sodium hydroxide; then, performing calcination in a microwave box type high-temperature reactor; performing fine grinding after a alkali fusion product is cooled; (3) mixing and stirring alkali fusion coal ash and deionized water for a certain time; heating the material to 90 to 100 DEG C for still standing and crystallization for 12 to 16h; (4) filtering and washing reaction products to a neutral state, and performing drying to obtain faujasite products. A conventional calcination mode is changed; the microwave alkali fusion coal ash is used; the advantages of low calcination temperature, short calcination and crystallization time, low energy consumption, cleanness, environment protection, high coal ash conversion rate, low cost and the like are realized; the possibility is provided for the industrial production of preparing faujasite from the coal ash.

The present invention provides a process for producing a vanadium/phosphorus oxide catalyst by (i) preparing a catalyst precursor powder containing vanadium, phosphorus and an optional promoter element; (ii) converting the catalyst precursor powder into an activated catalyst by heat treatment; (iii) and compressing the activated catalyst into a desired shape to form the vanadium/phosphorus oxide catalyst. The vanadium/phosphorus oxide catalyst may be used in the production of maleic anhydride by the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbon feed streams.

A high-voltage direct-current thermal fuse comprising a high-voltage low-current thermal fuse connected to a high-voltage direct-current circuit. The high-voltage low-current thermal fuse comprises a casing, fusible alloy wires, wherein the fusible alloy wires are connected between the two leads. One of the leads is sequentially sleeved with an arc extinguishing sleeve and a spring. One end of the arc extinguishing sleeve is in contact with the fusible alloy wires; and the other end of the arc extinguishing sleeve is in contact with the spring. One end of the spring is connected to the inner end face of the casing; and the spring is in a compressed state. The high-voltage direct-current thermal fuse further comprises a conventional thermal fuse; or further comprises a current. The high-voltage direct-current thermal fuse solves the problem of timely arc cutting-off and can be directly applied to a high-voltage direct-current circuit.

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a chromatography matrix comprising providing a polysaccharide carrier comprising available hydroxyl groups; and reacting said hydroxyl groups with vinyl sulphonate to provide a sulphonate-functionalized (S-functionalized) cation exchanger. The hydroxyl groups of the carrier may be hydroxyls of the agarose polymer; or alternatively they may be provided on extenders such as polyhydroxyfunctional polymers. In one embodiment, the carrier is made of agarose with improved flow pressure properties.