The invention belongs to the technical field of aero-engine turbine blade cooling, and particularly relates to a turbine blade branch net type cooling structure. A cylinder supporting structure in the branch net type cooling structure is perpendicular to the outer surface of a turbine guide blade margin plate, and a net-shaped connecting structure is approximately parallel to the outer surface of the margin plate. The cylinder supporting structure in the branch net type cooling structure is composed of cylinders with the diameter phi D1, the cylinders are arranged in a regular triangle shape, the cylinders are located at the vertexes of the regular triangle respectively, and the side length of the regular triangle, namely the distance L between every two adjacent cylinders, is 3-5 mm. Compared with a conventional cooling scheme, the structure covers the outer surface of the margin plate, the heat exchange area on the cold air side can be remarkably increased, the disturbance degree of cooling airflow is enhanced, and therefore the cooling effect is effectively improved. In addition, the anti-deformation capacity of the margin plate can be enhanced through the structure, and manufacturing is easy.