The invention relates to a vertical shaft wall structure in a bad stratum and belongs to mine vertical shaft construction. The vertical shaft wall structure comprises a shaft arranged in the bad stratum and is characterized in that the upper shaft collar section of a vertical shaft is provided with a high-pressure-jet-grouting curtain pile shaft wall structure, a bedrock section is provided with a positioning targeting grouting section shaft wall structure and a shaft wall, and the upper and lower shaft wall structures are concentric, identical in diameter and tightly integrally connected to protect the shaft wall; the high-pressure-jet-grouting curtain pile shaft wall structure is provided with at least three circles of annular high-pressure-jet-grouting curtain walls with sealed heads and tails on the periphery, 0.6m away from a shaft outer diameter line, of the shaft outer diameter line by using the center of the shaft as the circle center, the positioning targeting grouting section shaft wall structure is provided with at least 8 positioning targeting grouting sections, vertical to the ground, on the periphery, 2m away from the shaft outer diameter line, of the shaft outer diameter line, and the two wall structures protect the shaft wall. The vertical shaft wall structure has the advantages that the vertical shaft wall structure is novel in concept, simple, stable and reliable; the high-pressure-jet-grouting curtain walls and the positioning targeting grouting sections protect the shaft wall, bearing capacity and deformation resistance are enhanced, and a good water blocking effect is achieved; the vertical shaft wall structure is fast and convenient in construction, fast shaft construction can be achieved, cost can be saved, and mine production can be performed safely and smoothly.