The invention discloses a horizontal-type multi-cutter-location numerical control lathe based on precise distance machining. The horizontal-type multi-cutter-location numerical control lathe structurally comprises a controlling machine, a numerical control machine, a base and a multi-cutter device, the controlling machine is mounted on the numerical control machine, and the controlling machine andthe numerical control machine are electrically connected; and the numerical control machine and the base are locked, the multi-cutter device is mounted on the controlling machine and constituted by cutter bits, an upper frame structure, middle column structures and an underframe structure, the cutter bits are mounted on the upper frame structure, the middle column structures are connected with the upper frame structure and the underframe structure in a mounted mode, the upper frame structure comprises an upper frame rail, an upper frame threaded strip and an upper frame transverse plate, theupper frame rail is in threaded connection with the upper frame threaded strip, the upper frame rail is welded to the upper frame transverse plate, and the upper frame threaded strip is attached to the upper frame transverse plate. The multi-cutter device moves linearly, long-distance moving, short-distance moving of the upper frame rail and micro-distance moving of the cutter bits are achieved through embedded tracks, the machining routes are omitted, the machining quality is also guaranteed, locally reinforced precise moving is achieved through control rings, and the precision and stabilityof operation of the cutter bits are further improved.